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unutish
d e b , esga tu sh irish d a a n a shu ta r iq a q iy n a lib
q o lish n i, sh u n in g d e k , z a r u r b o 'lg a n n arsan i shu o n d a esga tu s h ira o lm a s-
likni tu sh u n a m iz .
Unutilgan
d e b , esd a saq lan ib q o lm a g a n n a rsa n i e m a s,
b alki shu p a y td a esga tu s h ir a o lm a g a n , esga tu sh ish u c h u n q u lay s h a ro it
m a v ju d b o 'lm a g a n n a rs a n i a y ta m iz . S h u n in g u c h u n , u n u tis h — e sd a
sa q la sh n in g aksi b o 'lg a n ja r a y o n b o 'lm a y , balki esga tu s h iris h n in g aksi
b o 'l g a n j a r a y o n d i r . U n u t i s h n i n g n e r v - f i z i o l o g i k a s o s i m u v a q q a t
b o g 'la n is h la rn in g to rm o z la n is h id ir.
U n u tish darajasi h a r xil b o 'la d i. M a te ria ln i tam om yoki qisman u n u
tis h m u m k in , y a ’ni m a te ria l b u tu n la y esd a n c h iq ib k e ta d i yoki u n in g
faq at b ir qism i u n u tila d i.
M a te ria l tez o ra d a yoki b irm u n c h a v a q td a n k e y in u n u tilish i m u m k in .
B iro r narsa a n c h a v a q tg a c h a u n u tilib turilishi m u m k in , y a ’ni b ir n a rsa n i
a n c h a vaqtgacha xotiraga k e ltira o lm ay turishim iz m u m k in . O d a td a , u n u tish
v a q tin c h a b o 'la d i, biz sh u p a y td a z a ru r b o 'lg a n b ir n a rsa n i d a rro v eslay
o lm a y m iz , a m m o b ir n e c h a v a q td a n keyin u esim izg a tu s h a d i. Bu h o d i
sa n in g sababi sh u k i, u z o q v aq t b ir ish b ila n m a sh g 'u l b o 'lg a n d a m iy a
p o 's tin in g tegishli n erv h u ja y ra la rid a c h a rc h a sh y u z b erad i va c h a rc h a sh
h a d d a n oshishi n atijasid a n e rv h u ja y ralarid a e h tiy o t y u z a sid a n saq lo v ch i
to rm o z la n is h p ay d o b o 'la d i va v a q tin c h a esd an c h iq a rish r o 'y b erad i. B ir
n e c h a vaqt o 'tg a n d a n k e y in c h a rc h a s h tugaydi, d a m o lgan n e rv h u jay ralari
n o rm a l ishlay b o sh lay d i va v a q tin c h a u n u tilg a n n a rsa esga tu sh ish i m u m
k in b o 'la d i.
M a te ria ln i o 'q ib - o 'r g a n ib o lin g a n id a n k ey in o q u n i yaxshi x o tirlay o l
m aslik , a m m o o ra d a b ir n e c h a vaq t o 'tg a n d a n k ey in u n i t o 'l a x o tirlay
o lish lik n in g sababi m a te ria ln i o 'q ib - o 'r g a n ib olish ja r a y o n id a r o 'y b e ra d i
g a n c h a rc h a sh lik d a b o 'ls a k e ra k . l.P . Pavlov sh u n i a n iq la g a n k i, sh a rtli
refleks vujudga keltirishda e rish ilad ig an differensirovka (q o 'z g 'o v c h in i ajrata
o lish ) darajasi tajrib a k e tid a n o q , b e v o sita b ilin m a y , balki k e y in ro q b ilin a r
e k a n . Pavlov b u h o d is a n in g sa b a b in i m a n a b u n d a y tu s h u n tira d i, q iy in ro q
b ir v azifani hal q ilg a n d a m iy a p o 's tin in g tegishli m a rk a z la rid a g i nerv h u
jayralarida ch arch ash y u z b e ra d i va b u ch arch ash erishilgan d ifferen siro v k a-
ni q o p la y d i. Bir n e c h a v a q t o 'tg a n d a n keyin c h a rc h a sh tu g a y d i va n erv
sistem asi e n d i q o 'z g 'o v c h ila m i y ax sh iro q d iffere n siro v k a q ila b o sh lay d i.
B iror m aterialn in g u n u tilish ig a u n in g k e tid a n esd a olib q o lg an m aterial
t a ’sir etad i. K u z a tish lard a n m a ’lu m k i, h ozirgina y o d o lin g an m aterialn i
esga tushirishga, u n in g k e tid a n esga olingan b iro r m ate rial to 's q in lik q ilar
ekan. Bu hodisa re tro fa o l (te sk ari am al qiluvchi) to rm o z la n ish d e b atalad i.
B iror m a te ria ln i o 'r g a n ib e s d a q o ld irg a n d a n k ey in u n g a o 'x sh a g a n
b o s h q a m a te ria l y od o lin sa , re tro fa o l to rm o z la n is h n in g salbiy t a ’siri, a y
n iq sa, ra v sh a n seziladi.
A m m o sh u n d a y h o lla r h a m b o 'la d i: o ld in y o d o lin g a n m ateria l u n d a n
key in g isin i esd a olib q o lish g a salb iy t a ’sir q ilad i. B u n i
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