Object of investigation,to the levels of language hierarchy and to two plans of the language

genetic diachronic
; 2) 
genetic
 
synchronic
. 
 
Diachronic approach deals with the comparison of genetically related 
languages within the definite period of time or in the cause of its development. For 

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example, it can compare the development of morphological categories of the noun 
in English and in German starting with the ancient period up to nowadays. 
 
Genetic synchronic typology deals with the comparison of genetically 
related languages within a certain synchronic period. 
Genetic typology started in the 20
th
century when historical-comparative 
linguistics appeared and developed. We can mention such scholars as brothers 
Grimm Jacob, August Schleicher, Rasmus Rask, Franz Bopp. They dealt with the 
reconstruction of languages and discovered laws and regularities for many Indo-
European languages. 
 
Areal typology. 
This branch of linguistic typology deals with geographically 
limited number of languages. As a branch of linguistic typology it is characterized 
by: 
1.
 
Indifference to system closeness. 
2.
 
Indifference to genetic closeness. 
3.
 
Identity of etic units; possibility of identity of emic units. 
4.
 
Possibility of deep and surface identity. 
5.
 
One level approach to comparison. 
6. 
The limitation of etalon language by certain linguistic phenomenon, 
which is common to compared languages. 
 
To the basic tasks of areal typology we can refer study of dialects, compiling 
dialectal dictionaries, maps, study the degree of certain linguistic phenomenon, 
borrowings, neologisms, archaisms and so on.