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The Time Bomb in the Laboratory
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. For a detailed discussion see Michael S. Gazzaniga, Who’s in Charge?: Free Will and the Science of
the Brain (New York: Ecco, 2011).
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.      Chun  Siong  Soon  et  al.,  ‘Unconscious  Determinants  of  Free  Decisions  in  the  Human  Brain’,  Nature
Neuroscience  11:5  (2008),  543–5.  See  also  Daniel  Wegner,  The  Illusion  of  Conscious  Will
(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002); Benjamin Libet, ‘Unconscious Cerebral Initiative and the Role of
Conscious Will in Voluntary Action’, Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8 (1985), 529–66.
3
. Sanjiv K. Talwar et al., ‘Rat Navigation Guided by Remote Control’, Nature 417:6884 (2002), 37–8; Ben
Harder, ‘Scientists “Drive” Rats by Remote Control’, National Geographic, 1 May 2012, accessed 22
December  2014,  http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/05/0501_020501_  roborats.html;
Tom Clarke, ‘Here Come the Ratbots: Desire Drives Remote-Controlled Rodents’, Nature, 2 May 2002,
accessed  22  December  2014,  http://www.nature.com/news/1998/020429/full/news020429-9.html;
Duncan  Graham-Rowe,  ‘“Robo-rat”  Controlled  by  Brain  Electrodes’,  New  Scientist,  1  May  2002,
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http://f
usion.net/story/204316/dar
pa-is-implanting-chips-in-soldiers-brains/;

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ptsd.
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.      Dan  Hurley,  ‘US  Military  Leads  Quest  for  Futuristic  Ways  to  Boost  IQ’,  Newsweek,  5  March  2014,
http://www.newsweek.com/2014/03/14/us-military-leads-quest-futuristic-ways-boost-iq-247945.html,
accessed 9 January 2015; Human Effectiveness Directorate, http://www.wpafb.af.mil/afrl/rh/index.asp;
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Stimulation’,  Behavioral  Neuroscience  127:6  (2013),  936–46;  Jeremy  T.  Nelson  et  al.,  ‘Enhancing
Vigilance  in  Operators  with  Prefrontal  Cortex  Transcranial  Direct  Current  Stimulation  (TDCS)’,
NeuroImage  85  (2014),  909–17;  Melissa  Scheldrup  et  al.,  ‘Transcranial  Direct  Current  Stimulation
Facilitates  Cognitive  Multi-Task  Performance  Differentially  Depending  on  Anode  Location  and
Subtask’,  Frontiers  in  Human  Neuroscience  8  (2014);  Oliver  Burkeman,  ‘Can  I  Increase  my  Brain
Power?’, Guardian,  4  January  2014,  http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/jan/04/can-i-increase-
my-brain-power, accessed 9 January 2016; Heather Kelly, ‘Wearable Tech to Hack Your Brain’, CNN,
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January 2016.
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. Sally Adee, ‘Zap Your Brain into the Zone: Fast Track to Pure Focus’, New Scientist, 6 February 2012,
accessed  22  December  2014,  http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21328501.600-zap-your-brain-
into-the-zone-fast-track-to-pure-focus.html.  See  also:  R.  Douglas  Fields,  ‘Amping  Up  Brain  Function:
Transcranial Stimulation Shows Promise in Speeding Up Learning’, Scientific American, 25 November
2011,  accessed  22  December  2014,  http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/amping-up-brain-
function.
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. Sally Adee, ‘How Electrical Brain Stimulation Can Change the Way We Think’, The Week, 30 March
2012,  accessed  22  December  2014,  http://theweek.com/article/index/226196/how-electrical-brain-
stimulation-can-change-the-way-we-think/2.
9
. E. Bianconi et al., ‘An Estimation of the Number of Cells in the Human Body’, Annals of Human Biology
40:6 (2013), 463–71.
10
. Oliver Sacks, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat (London: Picador, 1985), 73–5.
11
. Joseph E. LeDoux, Donald H. Wilson and Michael S. Gazzaniga, ‘A Divided Mind: Observations on the
Conscious  Properties  of  the  Separated  Hemispheres’,  Annals of Neurology  2:5  (1977),  417–21.  See
also:  D.  Galin,  ‘Implications  for  Psychiatry  of  Left  and  Right  Cerebral  Specialization:  A
Neurophysiological Context for Unconscious Processes’, Archives of General Psychiatry 31:4 (1974),
572–83;  R.  W.  Sperry,  M.  S.  Gazzaniga  and  J.  E.  Bogen,  ‘Interhemispheric  Relationships:  The
Neocortical  Commisures:  Syndromes  of  Hemisphere  Disconnection’,  in  Handbook  of  Clinical
Neurology, ed. P. J. Vinken and G. W. Bruyn (Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Co., 1969), vol. 4.
12
.    Michael  S.  Gazzaniga,  The Bisected Brain  (New  York:  Appleton-Century-Crofts,  1970);  Gazzaniga,
Who’s  in  Charge?;  Carl  Senior,  Tamara  Russell  and  Michael  S.  Gazzaniga,  Methods  in  Mind
(Cambridge,  MA:  MIT  Press,  2006);  David  Wolman,  ‘The  Split  Brain:  A  Tale  of  Two  Halves’,  Nature
483 (14 March 2012), 260–3.
13
. Galin, ‘Implications for Psychiatry of Left and Right Cerebral Specialization’, 573–4.
14
.    Sally  P.  Springer  and  Georg  Deutsch,  Left  Brain,  Right  Brain,  3rd  edn  (New  York:  W.  H.  Freeman,
1989), 32–6.
15
. Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow, 377–410. See also Gazzaniga, Who’s in Charge?, ch. 3.
16
. Eran Chajut et al., ‘In Pain Thou Shalt Bring Forth Children: The Peak-and-End Rule in Recall of Labor
Pain’, Psychological Science 25:12 (2014), 2266–71.
17
. Ulla Waldenström, ‘Women’s Memory of Childbirth at Two Months and One Year after the Birth’, Birth
30:4  (2003),  248–54;  Ulla  Waldenström,  ‘Why  Do  Some  Women  Change  Their  Opinion  about
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18
. Gazzaniga, Who’s in Charge?, ch. 3.
19
. Jorge Luis Borges, Collected Fictions, trans. Andrew Hurley (New York: Penguin Books, 1999), 308–
9. For a Spanish version see: Jorge Luis Borges, ‘Un problema’, in Obras completas,  vol.  3  (Buenos
Aires: Emece Editores, 1968–9), 29–30.

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20
. Mark Thompson, The White War: Life and Death on the Italian Front,  1915–1919  (New  York:  Basic
Books, 2009).
9
The Great Decoupling
1
.      F.  M.  Anderson  (ed.),  The  Constitutions  and  Other  Select  Documents  Illustrative  of  the  History  of
France: 1789–1907, 2nd edn (Minneapolis: H. W. Wilson, 1908), 184–5; Alan Forrest, ‘L’armée de l’an
II:  la  levée  en  masse  et  la  création  d’un  mythe  républicain’,  Annales  historiques  de  la  Révolution
française 335 (2004), 111–30.