Historical background of typological investigations

System linguistic

• 
  System linguistic working with the language philosophy, basically with psycholinguistics and sociolinguists. Har narsa tizimli o’rganiladi.
  

Structural linguistics

• 
  Structural linguistics which deals
  
• 
  Study of the language internal structure, formulates between language and other sign systems
  
• 
  Elaborates the theory of linguistic methods and strategies thus creating basis for linguistic modeling
  

According to Dr Buranov

• 
  The first period is characterized as a spontaneous or evolutionary.
  
• 
  The second period is characterized as a period ofestablishing the first scientific comparison of languages
  
• 
  The third period is relatedto development of comparative historical linguistics
  
• 
  The fourth period is related to establishing of Comparative Typology as a separate science
  

The first period

• 
  It begins with the emergence of the first linguistic works. In Ancient Greece, the language was studied in the frames of philosophy. The major issue, which was in the focus of discussion, was acorrelation of substances to their names.
  

The second period

• 
  Port-Royal Grammar by Arnauld A., Lancelot C, (XVII c.) in Indo-European languages. Port-Royal Grammar can be considered one of the most precious contributions to thedevelopment of Comparative Typology. It was developed by 2 French monks in the small abbey Port-Royal in the suburbs of Paris (published in 1660). It is the synthesis of linguistic and philosophic ideas of that time. The languages (French, Latin, Greek and ancient Jewish/ Ides) with thedifferent genealogic origin and typological structure were compared based on the criteria and principles elaborated by Arnauld A. and Claude Lancelot.
  

Divan-Lugat At-Turk

• 
  Mahmud Kashgariy is considered the most solid work on thelinguistic comparison of Turkic languages. Mahmud Kashgariy analyzed phonetic, grammatical and lexical units of a group of Turkic languages and defined the level of their genetic relation to each other.