The order of the clauses can be reversed without changing the meaning of the sentence. When
the main clause is first, no comma is used between the clauses.
The air will be cleaner if smoking is banned in public places.
result
condition
A conditional can be either real or unreal. Real conditionals are about things that are really
true or that can really happen. Real future conditionals are about things that can really hap
pen in the future.
In a real future conditional sentence
• The verb in the main clause is in the future tense.
• The verb in the
if
clause is in the present tense.
Sam will have a lot of expenses if he buys a new house.
future verb
present verb
The sentence above is a real future conditional. It is really possible that Sam will buy a new
house in the future. If he does, the result will be that he will have a lot of expenses.
If Sam doesn't get the job, he won't buy a new house.
present verb
future verb
The sentence above is also a real future conditional. It is really possible that Sam won't get
the job. If he doesn't get the job, the result will be that he won't buy a house.
PRACTICE4
Complete the paragraphs with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
A
In my opinion, talking on a cell phone while driving is dangerous. Therefore, it
should be illegal for drivers to use cell phones. If it I ............................. (be)
illegal, then people 2 ............................. (have) to stop this dangerous habit. If
some people 3 ............................. (continue) to use cell phones while driving, they
4 ............................. (have) to pay a fine. Nobody likes to pay a fine. I also think there
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