Grammar for ielts fiona Aish & Jo Tomlinson ■L& 11

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Grammar for IELTS
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Units 1 -2
Answer key
1 
People and relationships
Exercise 1
1
shines 
Tense:
Present sim ple 
Rule number:
2
2
have you been 
Tense:
Present perfect sim ple 
Rule num ber:
3
3 does the bus leave 
Tense:
Present sim ple 
Rule number: U
U
went/didn't like 
Tense:
Past simple 
Rule number:
2
5 has seen 
Tense:
Present perfect simple 
Rule number:
1
6 crossed 
Tense:
Past sim ple 
Rule number:
3
Exercise 2
1
has improved
2
disregarded
3
have invested
U
visit
5
partake
6
also had
7
include
8
brought
9
created
10
destroys
Exercise 3
1
do you live
2
come
3
have lived
U
moved
5
Do you
6
live
7
do
8
live
9
share
10
goes
11
Do you like
12
love
13
arrived
U
didn't like
15
have grown
16
know
17
have
18
has M oscow changed
19
has become
20
have opened
21 eat
22 have
23 came 
OR
have come
24 meet
Exercise 
U
Own answ ers
2 Free time
Exercise 1
1
have you been doing 
Tense:
Present 
perfect continuous 
Rule number: 2
2 am watching 
Tense:
Present 
continuous 
Rule number:
1
3 has been increasing 
Tense:
Present 
perfect continuous 
Rule number:
1
U
w as having 
Tense:
Past continuous 
Rule number:
3
5 were walking 
Tense:
Past continuous 
Rule number:
1
6 am reading 
Tense:
Present continuous 
Rule number:
3
Exercise 
2
1 I don't agree
2 I am having
3 I like
U
Do you mind
5 I'm thinking
Exercise 
3
The am ount of leisure time available to people has 
been increasing since the early twentieth century 
when m achines started to be invented to do many 
labour intensive ta sks both at w ork and in the home. 
Previously, people were spending many more hours 
doing basic menial ta sks and as a result had less 
time available for hobbies and activities. Although 
recently many people have been complaining about 
their work life balance, studies show that the amount 
of free time we have has been rising continuously 
for over 50 years. More people are playing sport on a 
regular basis nowadays and young people are taking up 
traditional style hobbies such as knitting and walking 
in the countryside. There has also been a large amount 
of government investment in leisure facilities in local 
communities, which has assisted the uptake of hobbies 
for a range of people including children and the elderly. 
A few years ago, visitors to a local park would see 
people who were playing football or walking their dog. 
However, nowadays people are using the gym or a 
climbing wall as their way of sporting recreation.
Answer key
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Summary
1 has been increasing
2 are playing
3
are taking up
Exercise 
U
a 1 
has been rising
2 
are still buying 
(Note: 
the num ber
+ sin gular verb) 
b 1 
were viewing
2 were watching
Exam practice model answer
This graph show s the kinds of activities done by old people 
in their spare time, covering a period from the 1980s to 
now in Europe. We can see that generally the activities 
listed have been increasing in popularity amongst the 
elderly, with hiking increasing steadily throughout the 
years, and playing sport being the most popular overall.
In the 1980s, nearly all activities were growing in 
popularity. The only activity which w as becoming less 
popular over these years w as going to the theatre.
Going to the theatre declined steeply from 5 0 % to 30%.
This changed in the 1990s, and going to the theatre 
became more popular, w hereas reading saw a 
dramatic drop in popularity. The num ber of people 
doing all other activities increased.
This century, hiking, reading, going to the theatre 
and surfing the Internet have all been increasing in 
popularity. However, playing sport has been decreasing 
in popularity. Despite this, playing sport is still the second 
most popular activity nowadays am ongst this group. Most 
elderly people are hiking nowadays in their spare time.
(173 words
)
Note the tenses in both the continuous and simple.