Gold nanoparticles introduced ZnO/Perovskite/Silicon heterojunction solar cell

FIGURE 2.
 
 Dependence of the short-circuit current of Perovskite/Si 
solar cells containing gold nanoparticles with a radius of 4 nm and 11 
nm on the nanoparticle periodicity 
Logical variable a was introduced into this formula. It was 
found that α=0 if the nanoparticle size is in the range (4 nm, 
6 nm) and α=1 if it is in the range (9 nm, 21 nm). According 
to the results of simulation, it was determined that J
max
=10.47 
mA/cm
2
and J
min
=8.11 mA/cm
2
for the perovskite/Si solar 
cell. However, the nanoparticle size had no effect on the 
maximum and minimum values of the short-circuit current 
of the perovskite/Si solar cell. This means that the amplitude 
of the Fano resonance is independent of the size of the 
nanoparticle unlike its phase. The short-circuit current J=J
min
corresponds to Fano interference minimum state and J=J
max
corresponds to the maximum state. That is, the short-circuit 
current of the perovskite/Si solar cell changes depending on 
the distance between the nanoparticles due to Fano 
interference. The short-circuit current of the perovskite/Si 
solar cell without nanoparticle was equal to the minimum 
short-circuit current of the perovskite/Si solar cell with gold 
nanoparticle. In order to scientifically justify the obtained 
results, Figure 3 shows the wavelength dependence of the 
absorption coefficient of the perovskite/Si solar cell with 
gold nanoparticle (d
p
=80 nm, r=4 nm) and (d
p
=80 nm, r=11 
nm). Because (d
p
=80 nm, r=4 nm) nanoparticle introduced 
solar cell achieved minimum and (d
p
=80 nm, r=11 nm) 
maximum short circuit current. In the short wavelength’s 
spectrum, the solar cell (d
p
=80 nm, r=11 nm) has achieved a 
high absorption coefficient. In the visible spectrum, (d
p
=80 
nm, r=4 nm) the absorption of the solar cell was greater. The 
energy of short-wavelength photons is high, and the energy 
of the electron-holes formed due to their absorption is also 
high [53]. The probability of their recombination is high 
[54]. Therefore, the short circuit current of (dp=80 nm, r=4 
nm) solar cell was higher than that of (dp=80 nm, r=11 nm). 
(
)
(
)
max
min
max
min
cos
,
2
2
2
0,
4
,6
1,
9
, 21
p
d
J
J
J
J
J
a
a
if r
nm nm
a
if r
nm
nm





+
−


=
+
+










 =



=


(10)