Giorgi baRaTuria

Ключевые слова: Массовая комуникация; информациология; демасификация массмедии; воздействые массмедии; социальный контрол; концепция Маклюена
Рецензент _ профессор Ломидзе Марина Джудуевна, Тбилисский государственный университет им.И.Джавахишвили
e k o n o m i k a
mama gabriele bragantini
kaTolike eklesia da dRevandeli
ekonomikuri krizisi
minda Cemi moxseneba daviwyo erTi patara, magram aucilebeli dazustebiT imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra moiazreba romauli kaTolike eklesiiT; ar unda moxdes vatikanis saxelmwifosTan misi aRreva, vinaidan vatikani sxva qveynebis mier aRiarebuli avtonomiuri saxelmwifoa, rac romis episkoposs damoukidebeli moqmedebis saSualebas aZlevs, kerZod ki sakuTari funqciis, rogorc kaTolike elkesiis Tavis, aRsrulebas mTels msoflioSi; romauli kaTolike eklesia aris adgilobrivi, lokaluri eklesiebis Tanaziareba, romelTac romis episkoposTan, - qristesmieri erTobis xilvad niSanTan,- TanaziarebaSi myofi episkoposebi miuZRvian ziarebiTa da gauTiSavi samociqulo eklesiis tradiciiT.
romaulma kaTolike eklesiam swored saxarebis sayovelTao qadagebiTa da mraval kulturasa Tu tradiciaSi misi gansulierebiT, Tavis morwmuneebTan (da ara mxolod maTTan!) mWidro siaxloviT, kacTmoyvareobis didmowameTa Tu usaxelo qristianTa uricxvi iniciativebiT moamwifa sakuTari msoflmxedveloba adamianisa da sazogadoebis socialuri cxovrebis sxvadasxva aspeqtze, rasac XIX saukunis dasawyisidan Tavi mouyara da ACamoayaliba Tavis socialur moZRvrebaSi.
amJamindeli msoflio ekonomikuri krizisi sxvadasxva problemis winaSe ayenebs aseve kaTolike eklesiasac; amasTan dakavSirebiT gamoikveTa ori mimarTuleba, riTac eklesia am problemebTan brZolaSi CaerTo: pirvel rigSi, es aris msjeloba, dakvirveba da yovelive imis dagmoba, rac ukve moxda da rac dRevandel msoflioSi xdeba, cxadia, sakuTari socialuri swavlebis principebTan konfrontaciiT; meore, es aris konkretuli iniciativebi im problemebTan gasamklaveblad, rac kidev ufro meti sicxadiTa da simwvaviT gamoCnda am krizisSi.
1. romis papma araerTgzis daafiqsira Tavisi pozicia rogorc piradad, aseve sakuTari kuriis meSveobiT, saerTaSoriso organoebis winaSe (gavixsenoT mag; wmida saydris warmomadgenlis CAarTva doxas (Doha) konferenciaze 2008w. dekemberSi ekonomiuri dafinansebis sakiTxze), Tavisi enciklikebiT, homeliebiTa Tu katexezisebiT, qveynis meTaurebTan Tu ubralo adamianebTan Sexvedrebze, aseve Tavisi eparqiis episkoposTa Tu mTeli msoflios saepiskoposo konferenciis wevrTa winaSe; yvela maTganis citireba Sors wagviyvanda; aqve minda gavixseno erTi epizodi misi gamosvlidan RvTis sityvis irgvliv gamarTuli sinodis inauguraciis dRes (2008 wlis oqtomberi), ramac didi gancda gamoiwvia, rodesac aRniSna, rom RvTis sityva samaradisod rCeba, xolo yvela danarCeni simdidre warmavalia, razec metyvelebs amJamindeli krizisi.
naTelia, rom eklesia sakuTar mwyemsTa daxmarebiT, sayovelTao da adgilobrivi swavlebiT, diddResaswaulebiT da uqmeebiT arasodes gamijvnia am kriziss, igi yovelTvis adamianis gverdiT dgas, kerZod ki, vinc yvelaze metad ganicdis am krizisis Sedegebs. Tu dRes aseTia realoba, - sruliad gansxvavebuli im epoqebisgan, rodesac kaTolike eklesias socialuri procesebisgan CamorCenaSi sdebdnen brals, - amas unda vumadlodeT im samwyso suliskveTebas, rac vatikanis II krebam (1962-65) gadasca eklesias Tanamedrove msoflioSi samoRvaweod da im gamocdilebis misaRebad, rac man bolo ori saukunis manZilze daagrova da socialuri moZRvrebis saxiT Camoayaliba.
vidre mokled da sinTezurad warmogidgenT am socialuri moZRvrebis birTvs, imTaviTve aRvniSnav, rom is sulac ar gaxlavT bolodroindeli siaxle da emyareba saxarebiseul cxovelmyoflobas, wmida mamaTa tradicias (gavixsenoT ioane oqropiri, wmida basili....), Suasaukunovan kanonebs (gavixsenoT vaxSis akrZalva, lombardebisa da sagiravnoebis Seqmna, religiuri ordenebis gamocdilebebi...), vidremde am bolo orsaukunovani papebis socialuri enciklikebis periodi.
eklesiis socialuri moZRvrebis ZiriTadi punqtebi exeba Semdegs:
- adamians: igi aris centri ekonomikuri, socialuri, politikuri wesrigisa Tavis ojaxTan erTobaSi, rameTu RvTis qmnilebaa; mas aqvs ufleba religiuri cxovrebis, muSaobis, ojaxis Seqmnis, materialuri qonebis gankargvis, sakuTrebis, swori anazRaurebis, Tavisuflebis, saxelmwifoebriv cxovrebaSi monawileobis, ganaTlebis, simdidris warmoebaSi TanamSromlobis.
- Sromas: ganixileba RvTiuri Canafiqris farTo WrilSi, ramdenadac yovlad aucilebelia adamianis mowodebis ZiriTadi miznebis realizebisTvis; amitomac, sxvadasxva organizaciebma unda ganaxorcielon saWiro RonisZiebebi, rom yvela adamians hqodes keTilsindisieri, Rirseuli, samarTlianad anazRaurebuli samuSao.
-saxelmwifos: rogorc organizebuli sazogadoeba, igi unda iyos garanti mTeli sazogadoebis civiluri Tanacxovrebis, samarTliani individualuri da socialuri Tavisuflebis, samarTlis, mTeli sazogadoebis saerTo sikeTis gamoyenebiT da ara erTi romelime jgufisa sxvaTa kanonieri moTxovnebis ukugdebis xarjze, yvela adamianis religiur i Tavisuflebis pativiscemiT.
ai, mokle sia socialuri enciklikebisa da sxva dokumentebisa:
- 1891 wlis 15 maisi: leon XIII, Rerum Novarum (uaryofs socializms araqristianul klasebTan brZolis gamo; mxars uWers samarTlian proletarul gancxadebebs; kerZo sakuTreba pirovnebisa da ojaxis TavisuflebisaTvis; saxelmwifos subsidiarul intervencias; profkavSirul uflebebs; xelfass, romelic uzrunvelyofs samarTlian anazRaurebas).
- 1931 wlis 15 maisi: pius XI, Quadrogesimo Anno (uaryofs komunizms, rogorc qristianuli msoflmxedvelobis sawinaaRmdego praqtikas da moZRvrebas; kerZo sakuTrebas farTo socialuri aspeqtebiT da saxelmwifos subsidiebiT; Rrmad dafasebuli da amavdroulad gakritikebulia faSisturi korporativizmi; mxardaWerilia saojaxo xelfasi)
- 1937 wlis 19 marti: pius XI, Divini Redemptoris (aTeisturi komunizmis Secdomebi: RmerTis uaryofa, suils ukvdaveba, saiqio cxovreba; aseve: Suri, klasTa brZola, sakuTrebis ufleba)
- 1941 wlis 1 ivnisi: pius XII, Discorso di Pentecoste (yvela adamianma unda SeZlos miwis sakuTrebis gamoyeneba)
- 1961 wlis 15 maisi: ioane XXIII, Mater et Magistra (socialuri dazRvevis gavrceleba; kerZo sakuTreba aris socialuri fuqnciiT; sicializaciam pativi unda sces calkeul pirTa da Suamaval organoebTa pasuxismgeblobas xalxTa saerTo keTildReobisTvis)
- 1963 wlis 11 aprili: ioane XXIII, Pacem in Terris (mamakacisa da qalis uflebebi; kerZo sakuTreba socialuri funqciebiT; saxelisuflebo subsidia; politikuri TanamSromloba)
- 1965 wlis 7 dekemberi: pavle VI, vaAtikanis II kreba (samwyso konstitucia Gaudium et Spes)
- 1967 wlis 26 marti: pavle VI Populorum Progressio (izrdeba uTanasworoba da mesianizmi; kerZo sakuTreba araa uzenaesi ufleba; dagegmarebis subsidiaroba; materialistur-aTeisturi cduneba).
- 1971 wlis 14 maisi: pavle VI, samociqulo werili Octogesima Adveniens (socializmis sxvadasxva formebis gamokveTa; ambicia ekonomikurad ufro samAarTlian sazogadoebaze; sakamaTo revoluciuri saxis politikuri qmedeba; dauSvebeli materialisturi ideologia)
- 1979 wlis 27 ianvari - 13 Tebervali: ioane pavle II, pueblas konferencia (eklesia saxarebis gamavrcelebeli; calkeuli adamianis msaxurebaSi myofi).
- 1980 wlis 1-12 ivlisi: ioane pavle II, braziliaSi mogzauroba (Zmuri TanamSromloba; saxarebiseuli netarebebis suli; usamarTlobis aRmofxvra qristianebisgan iTxovs movaleobas)
- 1981 wlis 19 marti: ioane pavle II, ternis saubari (brZola samarTlianobisTvis da ara adamianis winaaRmdeg)
- 1981 wlis 14 seqtemberi: ioane pavle II, Laborem Exercens (adamianuri Sromis mniSvnelobaze)
- 1987w:ioane pavle II, Sollicitudo Rei Socialis, dokumentis Populorum Progressio-s gamocemidan oci wlisTavi.
- 1991w: ioane pavle II, Centesimus Annus, dokumentis Rerum Novarum-is gamocemidan asi wlisTavi.
am uzarmazari kulturuli memkvidreobidan minda gamovyo ori principi: subsidiis principi da solidarobis principi; maTi gacnoba garkveulwilad dagvexmareba amJamindeli krizisis irgvliv msjelobis pozitiuri kuTxiT warmarTvaSi.