Gaius Julius Caesar the greatest General and statesman of all time, whose name has become a household name. Caesar was born on July 12, 102 bc

Gaius Julius Caesar – the greatest General and statesman of all time, whose name has become a household name. Caesar was born on July 12, 102 BC. as a representative of the ancient patrician family of the Julii, Caesar plunged into politics as a young man, becoming one of the leaders of the popular party, which, however, contradicted family tradition, since members of the future Emperor's family belonged to the optimate party, which represented the interests of the old Roman aristocracy in the Senate. In Ancient Rome, as well as in the modern world, politics was closely intertwined with family relations: Caesar's aunt, Julia, was the wife of Gaius Marius, who was in turn the then ruler of Rome, and Caesar's first wife, Cornelia, is the daughter of Cinna, the successor of the same Marius. The development of Caesar's personality was influenced by the early death of his father, who died when the young man was only 15 years old. Therefore, the upbringing and education of the teenager completely fell on the shoulders of the mother. And the home tutor of the future great ruler and commander was the famous Roman teacher mark Antony Gniphon – the author of the book "On the Latin language". Gniphon taught guy to read and write, and also instilled a love of oratory, brought up in the young man respect for the interlocutor – a necessary quality for any politician. The lessons of the teacher, a true professional of his time, gave Caesar the opportunity to truly develop his personality: read the ancient Greek epic, the works of many philosophers, get acquainted with the history of Alexander the great's victories, master the techniques and tricks of oratory-in a word, become an extremely developed and versatile person. However, the young Caesar showed a special interest in the art of eloquence. Caesar was presented with the example of Cicero, who made his career largely due to his excellent command of oratory – an amazing ability to convince listeners of his rightness. In 87 BC, a year after the death of his father, in the year of his sixteenth birthday, Caesar dressed in a single-colored toga (toga virilis), which symbolized his maturity.When Caesar matured, he began his career as a priest of the Supreme God of Rome, Jupiter, and asked for Cornelia's hand in marriage. The consent of the girl allowed the young politician to get the necessary support in power, which will be one of the starting points that predetermined his great future.However, the political career of the young Caesar was not destined to take off too quickly – sulla seized power in Rome (82 BC). He ordered guy to divorce his young wife, but when he heard a categorical refusal, he stripped him of the title of priest and all his property. Only the patronizing attitude of Caesar's relatives, who were in sulla's inner circle, saved his life. However, this abrupt turn in fate did not break Caesar, but only contributed to the formation of his personality. Having lost his priestly privileges in 81 BC, Caesar begins his military career by traveling to the East to take part in his first military campaign under Minucius (Mark) Therma, the purpose of which was to suppress pockets of resistance to power in the Roman province of Asia (Asia Minor, Pergamum). During the campaign, Caesar received his first military glory. In 78 BC, during the storming of the city of Mytilene (island of Lesbos) , he was awarded the "oak wreath"badge for saving the life of a Roman citizen. In politics, Gaius Julius Caesar remained loyal to the populist party, a party whose loyalty had already brought him some political success. But after the Senate and consuls Manilius and Gabinius gave Pompey enormous powers in 67-66 BC, Caesar became increasingly Pro-democracy in his public speeches. In particular, Caesar proposed to revive the forgotten procedure of holding a trial by the people's Assembly. In addition to democratic initiatives, Caesar was a model of generosity. Having become an aedile (an official who monitored the state of the city's infrastructure), he did not skimp on decorating the city and organizing mass events – games and spectacles, which won great popularity among the common people, for which he was also elected a great Pontiff. In short, Caesar sought to increase his popularity among the citizens in every possible way, playing an increasing role in the life of the state. 62-60 BC can be called a turning point in the biography of Caesar. During these years, he served as Governor of the province of Far Spain, where for the first time he truly revealed his outstanding managerial and military talent. Service in distant Spain allowed him to get rich and pay off debts that did not allow him to breathe deeply for a long time. In 60 BC, Caesar triumphantly returns to Rome, where a year later he is elected to the post of senior Consul of the Roman Republic. In this regard, the so-called triumvirate is being formed on the Roman political Olympus. The consulship of Caesar suited both Caesar and Pompey – both claimed a leading role in the state. Pompey, who had disbanded his army and triumphantly suppressed the Spanish revolt of Sertorius, did not have enough supporters; a peculiar combinati