affirmative action
—intentionally seeking and hiring employees from
groups that are underrepresented in the organization. These organizations must have a
written affirmative action plan that spells out employment goals for underutilized groups
and how those goals will be met. These employers are also required to act affirmatively
in hiring Vietnam-era veterans (as a result of the Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment
Assistance Act) and qualified disabled individuals. Finally, the Pregnancy Discrimination
Act forbids discrimination against women who are pregnant.
In 1990, Congress passed the
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