Exercise 4 Scan the text and answer the questions

EXERCISE 4 Scan the text and answer the questions.
1. Where is Curitiba?

Curitiba is in southern Brazil.

2. When did the city employ the French architect?

The city hired French architect Alfred Agache in 1940.

3. What was the population of Curitiba in the 1980s?

The 1980s as Curitiba’s population grew to almost one million inhabitants.

4. Does the writer believe Curitiba is a good model of urban planning?

I don’t know this question.
EXERCISE 8 Read the text again. Answer the question.
1. What three aspects of development does urban planning deal with?

Urban planning deals with the physical, economic, and social development of cities.

2. What problems do many cities face?

At one time, Curitiba faced the same problems as many other cities all over the world, namely overcrowding, pollution, and an increased demand for services, transport, and housing.

3. What was the main cause of the increase in Curitiba’s population before the 1940s?

By the 1940s the population of Curitiba had grown to about 150,000, as immigrants from countries such as Japan, Syria, and Lebanon came to work in agriculture and industry.

4. In what ways was Agache’s approach different?

I don’t know

5. What happened to Agache’s plan?

According to Agach's plan, the problem of migrants was solved.

6. What did the Curitiba Master Plan do?

According to Agach's plan, the problem of migrants was solved.

7. What was new about the approach to planning in the 1980s?

Environmental facOities were added, such as a recycling programme for household waste, and parks and ‘green’ spaces were protected from development. However, good transportation remained central to the planning.

8. What is new about the approach to planning now?

Its planners have been courageous and innovative, and have always put the city’s inhabitants at the centre of their designs.

9. What is the writer’s opinion of the Curitiba experience of urban planning? I don’t know.

TEXT.

General information.

OSB (Orient Strand Board)-modern building material obtained by molding Strand at high pressure and temperature using a water-resistant resin gluing. Plates OSB - is one of the most environmentally friendly wood-based panels, different forms of stability and moisture resistance, impact resistance, and low thermal conductivity and good appearance.

OSB (Orient Strand Board) - suvga chidamli qatronlar yopishtirish yordamida yuqori bosim va haroratda Strandni shakllantirish natijasida olingan zamonaviy qurilish materiali. OSB plitalari - bu ekologik jihatdan eng toza yog'och panellardan biri, barqarorlik va namlikka chidamlilikning turli shakllari, ta'sirga chidamliligi va past issiqlik o'tkazuvchanligi va tashqi ko'rinishi.

Obtain- qo’lga kiritmoq, ega bo’lmoq

Pressure- siqilish, qisilish

Resistant- mustahkam, mahkam

Environment- atrof-muhit

Wood-based- Yog'ochdan yasalgan

Moisture- Namlik

Impact- Ta'sir

Conductivity- Supero'tkazuvchilar

Appearance- tashqi ko’rinish

Characteristics of OSB plate.

• Environmentally friendly material.

Ekologik toza material

• high strength characteristics, high plating density.

yuqori quvvat xususiyatlari, yuqori qoplama zichligi

• constancy of the parameters, the absence of internal voids and cracks.

parametrlarning barqarorligi, ichki bo'shliqlar va yoriqlar yo'qligi.

• simplicity in processing the material.

materialni qayta ishlashda soddaligi.

• boards can securely hold nails and screws.

taxtalar mixlarni va vintlarni ishonchli ushlab turishi mumkin.

• structure of OSB turns out very easy, which makes it unnecessary to massive base.

OSB tuzilishi juda oson bo'lib chiqadi, bu esa uni katta bazaga keraksiz qiladi

• Low cost.

Arzon
The scope of the material.

• construction of pavilions and summer houses.

Nurlarni qo'llab-quvvatlovchi tuzilmalar.

• Structures supporting beams.

ta'mirlash va qurilish ishlari (tashqi va ichki devorlarni, tomlarni, shiftlarni, pollarni qoplash).

• repair and construction works (lining external and internal walls, roofs, ceilings, floors).

zinapoyalarni qurish.

• construction of stairways.

to'siqlar va vaqtincha to'siqlar qurish.

• construction of fences and temporary fencing.

sandiq va poddonlarni qurish.
• construction of crates and pallets.

javonlar va tokchalar, ko'rgazma stendlari va rastalarini ishlab chiqarish.

• manufacture of shelving and racks, exhibition booths and stalls.

javonlar va tokchalar, ko'rgazma stendlari va rastalarini ishlab chiqarish.

Conclusion.

Unique physical and mechanical properties and development of production technologies has allowed OSB to position the plate as one of the main structural and finishing material in construction.

Noyob fizikaviy va mexanik xususiyatlar va ishlab chiqarish texnologiyalarining rivojlanishi OSB plitalarini qurilishda asosiy konstruktiv va pardozlash materiallaridan biri sifatida joylashtirishga imkon berdi.

STUDENT BY: Sunnatov Abror

HEAD TEACHER BY: Mirai Zhalilova