4
Excellence and Leadership in the Public Sector: The Role of Education and…
regulatory and security-related functions, as it is the ultimate guarantor of life,
liberty and property.
Developing strong leadership and adequate human resources in the public sector
is a crucial task in order for any country to prosper and undertake programmes
that are aimed at reducing poverty. In fact, the quality of government leadership
has a great impact on the quality of governance, which in turn is often closely
related to the level of development of a region. Finally, an effective public sector
is essential in creating an enabling environment for private sector development
and economic competitiveness.
Strengthening public sector human resources capacities is, however, not an easy
task and many are the difficulties that need to be overcome. Although all countries
around the world are facing a number of challenges in modernizing their public
sector, developing countries are facing even greater difficulties due to a number
of factors, which include:
• the changing role of the state due to national and international factors;
• the erosion of public sector human resource capacity; and
• the constraints in recruiting highly qualified personnel.
The reform of the public sector in developing countries has been greatly affected
by constraints in recruiting high-quality personnel. The main factors to which this
phenomenon may be attributed are: a loss of pride within and credibility outside the
public service; brain drain to the private sector and to more economically advanced
countries due to better salaries and career opportunities; and a gradual decay of
national governance structures in stagnating countries. Human resources reform
in the public sector has also been particularly difficult as the core competencies
needed in the public sector have evolved and changed in a number of ways as a
result of the changes taking place at the national and international levels, requiring
new skills and behaviours among public officials at all levels.
Given this extremely complex situation, what the public sector needs more
than ever is its fair share of the best talent in any given country to respond ef-
fectively to evolving traditional functions of the state, as well as the challenges of
globalization and other social changes. Moreover, it is important to underline that
improving human capacity in the public sector also requires sound public institu-
tions and good governance. In other words, strengthening public sector capacity
requires a holistic approach, which should begin by rebuilding trust in the public
sector and promoting high-quality leadership.
There are key measures that need to be taken in order to promote adequate
capacities among public servants, including:
• reinforcing human resources planning and management systems and units;
• reinforcing core public service values, such as:
• low tolerance for corruption and crime;
•
stress on meritocracy; and
• growing sensitivity towards and respect for citizens’ needs;
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Strengthening Public Sector Capacity for Achieving the Millennium …
• fostering a political culture that places emphasis on the respect for institutions
and norms over personal interest;
• promoting professionalism and competence in the public service;
• creating a culture of learning;
• introducing incentive structures, such as:
•
fair remuneration systems; and
• systems of reward for industry, loyalty, accomplishment and merit;
• increasing recognition of the value of cross-cultural and international links as
means towards the improvement of the professional image and performance
of the public service;
• tapping the best talent from underrepresented groups, including women; and
• promoting the knowledge and use of ICT tools.
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