Evaluation Report Publications of the Academy of Finland 1/11

1
42
10 TUT/Chemistry
2
3
3
8
12
0
12
20
0
1
0
1
42
11 UEF/Chemistry
2
3
1
6
10
1
10
19
0
1
4
5
22
12 UEF/Materials
4
3
9
12
24
2
26
42
5
1
5
11
52
13 UEF/Organic
2
0
6
8
7
1
9
17
0
1
3
4
21
14 UEF/PharmCh
4
10
4
19
22
2
24
43
2
0
3
5
48
15 UH/Analytical
2
3
4
9
14
1
15
23
2
1
2
5
28
16 UH/Ch&Bioch
1
3
1
5
4
3
6
11
1
0
2
3
14
17 UH/Inorganic
3
8
11
22
25
0
25
47
3
1
1
5
52
18 UH/ChSwedish
1
3
1
6
4
0
4
10
0
1
1
2
12
19 UH/Organic
4
2
7
12
15
0
15
27
0
2
4
6
33
20 UH/PharmCh
3
3
4
9
14
0
14
24
1
0
2
3
27
21 UH/Physical
2
2
5
9
9
0
9
18
7
1
2
10
28
22 UH/Polymer
2
2
4
8
12
2
13
21
3
1
2
6
26
23 UH/RadioCh
1
7
2
10
5
5
10
20
3
1
2
6
26
24 UJ/Applied
2
0
1
3
1
3
8
11
0
0
3
3
14
25 UJ/Inorg&Anal
2
4
2
7
8
0
8
15
3
1
2
6
21
26 UJ/Organic
3
4
6
13
15
1
16
29
2
0
3
5
33
27 UJ/Physical
2
2
4
8
10
0
10
18
2
0
1
3
21
28 UO/ChProcEng
1
0
0
1
7
1
8
9
1
0
1
2
11
29 UO/Inorg&Anal
2
2
1
5
7
0
7
12
0
1
4
5
16
30 UO/Organic
2
2
0
4
3
0
0
7
0
1
2
3
10
31 UO/Physical
2
1
2
5
11
1
17
16
0
1
4
5
21
32 UTU/Materials
4
6
2
12
5
0
5
18
1
0
1
2
19
33 UTU/Organic
4
9
8
20
13
0
13
33
1
0
1
2
35
34 UTU/DrugCh
1
2
0
3
5
0
5
8
2
0
0
3
10
35 VTT/ProcessCh
0
4
32
36
0
4
4
0
1
1
8
85
85
36 ÅA/Analytical
2
2
3
8
10
1
11
19
2
1
2
5
24
37 ÅA/Industrial
2
5
8
15
25
0
25
41
0
1
0
1
42
38 ÅA/Inorganic
1
4
8
13
17
3
20
33
0
3
7
10
43
39 ÅA/Organic
2
2
1
6
9
1
10
16
2
1
2
5
20
40 ÅA/Physical
2
3
2
7
14
0
14
21
3
1
2
6
27
41 ÅA/WoodCh
1
3
3
7
14
0
14
21
0
1
2
3
24
TOTAL
84
124
168
370 466
37
511
886
73
36
89
197 1 105
Per unit
2,0
3,0
4,1
9,0 11,4
0,9 12,5 21,6
1,8
0,9
2,2
4,8
27,0

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101
The total FTE number has changed very little during the five-year evaluation 
period (Figure 6). The change from 2005 to 2006 is mostly due to VTT, which did not 
report the 2005 figures. Figure 7 shows the FTEs for chemistry research in each 
university and VTT. UH has the largest resources, while AU, UEF and ÅA belong to 
the next size category. These four comprise about two-thirds of the total personnel 
resources.
The units were also asked to list senior researchers that have worked in the unit 
during the evaluation period (Table 5). The number of researchers listed was 616 in 
total (15 per unit on average), which, when compared to the total 370 FTEs of senior 
researchers, means that 1.7 researchers contribute to 1 FTE on average. The average 
stay in the units was 9.5 years.
Nearly all or 97 per cent of senior researchers have a PhD degree; the remaining  
3 per cent is mainly due to VTT (70% PhDs), where senior staff are interpreted 
differently, and to process engineering-oriented units. The average age for obtaining  
a PhD is 34 years or about the same as the average age of obtaining a PhD degree 
FTE
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Professors
Senior researchers          Postdocs
AU/Analytical
AU/ChEng
AU/Industrial
AU/ForestT
ech
AU/Inorganic
AU/Organic
AU/PolymerT
ech
TUT/Chemistry
UEF/Chemistry
UEF/Materials
UEF/Organic
UEF/PharmCh
UH/Analytical
UH/Ch&Bioch
UH/InorganicUH/Organic
UH/ChSwedish
UH/PharmCh
UH/Physical
UH/Polymer
UH/RadioCh
UJ/Applied
UJ/Inorg&Anal
UO/Inorg&Anal
ÅA/Inorganic
ÅA/Industrial
ÅA/Analytical
ÅA/Organic
ÅA/Physical
ÅA/W
oodCh
UJ/Organic
UTU/Organic
UTU/DrugCh
VTT/ProcessCh
UTU/Materials
UO/Organic
UJ/Physical
UO/Physical
UO/ChProcEng
AU/Physical
LUT/ChemT
ech
Figure 6. Changes in staff FTEs during the evaluation period
0
200
400
600
800
1 000
1 200
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Senior staff
Res staff
All staff
FTE
Figure 5. Senior researcher FTEs, divided between professors, postdoctoral researchers 
and other senior researchers

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102
during the evaluation period (33 years, see Education). For 71 per cent, the degree was 
given by their present employing university and for four units this percentage was 
100 per cent. For 18 per cent, the degree was awarded by a foreign university, of 
which 75 per cent by German, Russian, US, Indian or UK universities (Table 6).
Separating professors from the list of senior researches shows that there are 108 
professors or 2.7 per unit (Table 7). The professors are on average six years older than 
the senior researchers overall. However, the age for obtaining a PhD is the same, 34. 
On the other hand, 59 per cent of the degrees are from the university of their present 
chair, which is somewhat less than for seniors, and 10 per cent are from foreign 
Figure 7. University and VTT FTEs
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
AU
LUT
TUT
UEF
UH
UJ
UO
UTU
VTT
ÅA
FTE
Senior staff
Res staff
All staff
Table 5. Statistics for senior researchers
Number of seniors
616
Percentage of men
66
Researchers per FTE
1.7
Average year of birth
1964
Degree awarded by same university, %
71
    other Finnish university, %
11
    foreign university, %
18
Year awarded, on average
1998
Stay in the unit
9.5
Age of obtaining PhD
34.1
% with PhD degree
97

---

103
universities (mainly Russia and the US), which is also less than for the seniors. This 
shows that there is mainly domestic mobility. On average, the professors have stayed 
for 13 years in their units (in any position during their careers), and have been 1.2 
professors per 1 professor FTE during the five-year evaluation period.
The list of professors includes five Academy Professors and four professors 
emeritus. The FiDiPro Professors (visiting professors funded through the Academy 
of Finland and Tekes Finland Distinguished Professor Programme) are not included 
in the statistics. There are five FiDiPro Professors with a mean age of 58 years, with 
an age of obtaining a PhD at 32 years, and with an average stay of two years in the 
unit.
Table 6. Countries of foreign universities that have 
awarded PhD degree to senior researchers
Table 7. Professor statistics
GER
13
RUS
11
USA
10
UK, IND
9
ITA
5
CHI FRA POL 
4
SWE CZE CAN
3
EST SPA HOL
2
CRO SLO DEN LT POR JAP AUS RO
1
Professors
108
Percentage of men
75
Professors per professor FTE
1,23
Average year of birth
1956
Degree awarded by same university, %
59
    other Finnish, %
31
    foreign university, %
10
Year awarded, on average
1990
Stay in the unit
13

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104
A5. Funding
Table 8 and Figure 8 summarise the funding resources. The total overall funding to 
chemistry research during the evaluation period was EUR 311 million, or EUR 62 
million per year. On average, the funding for one unit was EUR 7.6 million for the 
period and EUR 1.5 million per year. Core funding covered 45 per cent, while the 
external funding (55%) was distributed almost equally between the Academy of 
Finland, Tekes, industry and other sources. Academy funding stood at EUR 8.0 
million per year and Tekes funding at EUR 8.8 million per year.
Table 8. Funding summary
Figure 8. Overall funding structure
K€
Period
Per year
%
Period 
per unit
Per unit 
per year
Budget
123 605
24 721
40
3 015
603
Other core
14 852
2 970
5
362
72
Total core
138 457
27 691
45
3 377
675
Academy
39 969
7 994
13
975
195
Min. Edu.
13 542
2 708
4
330
66
Tekes
44 195
8 839
14
1 078
216
Public
11 767
2 353
4
287
57
Industry
44 088
8 818
14
1 075
215
Foundations
3 641
728
1
89
18
EU
13 526
2 705
4
330
66
Other foreign
2 307
461
1
56
11
Total external
173 034
34 607
55
4 220
844
Overall
311 491
62 298
100
7 597
1 519
Budget
40 %
Other Core
5 %
Academy
13 %
Min. Edu.
4 %
Tekes
14 %
Public
4 %
Industry
14 %
Foundations
1 %
EU
4 %
Other Foreign
1 %
FTE

---

105
0
1 000
2 000
3 000
4 000
5 000
6 000