Ethnotoponyms as a separate unit of toponymic classifications Zokirov Bekhzodjon Ilkhomjon ugli, Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies

Ethnotoponyms as a separate unit of toponymic classifications
Zokirov Bekhzodjon Ilkhomjon ugli,
Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies,
base doctoral student
[e-mail]
Annotation:  
This article examines the problems of classification of toponymy of the Uzbek people in the research conducted in the 60s of the XX century to the beginning of the XXI century and the role of ethnotoponyms as a separate classification unit. We know that toponyms also include place names formed based on the names of people, nation, tribe, ethnic group, tribe. The field of scientific and practical study of these names is called ethnotoponymy. Ethnotoponyms, on the other hand, are the name of an ethnos, that is, they are the result of the interaction of an ethnonym and a system of toponyms. In this regard, the study of ethnotoponyms as a separate form of classification unit is extremely relevant.
The main purpose of the study is to analyze the methods of toponymic classification used in research work during the period and the role of ethnotoponyms as a separate category, to determine their classification into groups according to which principles.
This article used toponymic stratification, genetic analysis of place names used in toponymic research, as well as systematic analysis, periodicity, problem-chronological methods used in historical research.
As a result of the study, the classification methods used in toponymic research were analyzed, in which ethnotoponyms have a special place, its classification is closely related to the meaning, etymology, period of origin of the ethnonym, which is the basis for the emergence of ethnotoponyms.

Introduction
It is known that the study of any research object based on a certain classification allows for an orderly, systematic, and in-depth scientific analysis of research results. In particular, historical toponymy, which is the field of study of place names, also has its own classification methods and principles of grouping, through the application of which research in the field gives the expected scientific result. Toponymist A.V.Superanskaya said: “It is difficult to analyze and interpret geographical names without classification. A toponymist can only draw scientific conclusions using a certain classification in his research. Naturally, the classification will be different ”[15; 15-16].
The study of the names of historical places based on classification began in the XIX century, mainly in which the meaning and morphological aspect of words was the main principle. In particular, the famous geographer V.P. Semyonov-Tyanshansky divided toponyms into 7 different categories: place names associated with people's names and nicknames, place names associated with church holidays, place names associated with historical events, place names associated with sacred words, ancient place names related to tribal names are divided into classifications in the form of place names associated with the geographical feature of a place, names given to a region for glory[3; 43]. Although this classification violates the general rules of classification of place names, it should be borne in mind that the first classification in this area and its main part was taken concerning the settlements of the population - oyсonim.
In the 30s and 60s of the twentieth century began to develop specific methods and principles of classification of historical toponyms. In particular, A.M.Selishchev, who studied Russian toponyms, in 1939 developed a classification of place names according to 7 principles [3; 43]. According to him in the classification of place names: names and nicknames of people; related to the profession of the people; social prestige; related to administrative division; ethnicity of the population; related to the natural landscape feature; should be based on principles such as place names related to abstract concepts. V.A. .Juchkevich develops a unique system for classifying toponyms. In his view, the following 3 problematic questions should be a priority when classifying place names. First, what? or what object (river, mountain, city, village, well) the name comes from and reflects the geographical feature of the place name. Second, in what language? What is the morphological feature? and reflects the linguistic nature of the place name. And the third, why is it so named? What does the place name mean? represents the largest system of classification that answers questions such as [6; 90]. Based on the particular 3 questions, V.A Zhuchkevich develops a general principle of classification of toponyms.
Any classification unit in the above classification principles has a special place in terms of its meaning, semantic and functional aspects of the word on which the place name is based, and their analysis gives us valuable information about the socio-economic situation, historical conditions of a particular historical period.