[Environment] Chief Editor Iftikhar A. Raja comsats institute of Information Technology Abbottabad (Pakistan)

ABSTRACT

Energy crisis has emerged as a serious issue all over the world in recent years. Pakistan is facing a similar crisis that has resulted in frequent power failures and load shedding throughout the country for past several years. The utilization of renewable energy resources may help reducing fossil fuel dependency of the country for power generation. There are various renewable energy options for Pakistan including solar, wind and hydropower. The objective of this study is to develop an approach that can be used to assess the run-of-river hydropower potential of Kunhar River using geospatial data and techniques. Kunhar River is a tributary of Jhelum River located in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Satellite data used in this study include ASTER Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Flow data are acquired from regional hydrologic gauges. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) tools are used for processing the satellite images, delineation of watershed and stream network, and identification of potential sites for hydropower projects. This study will aid decision-makers in the energy sector to optimize the available resources in selecting the suitable sites for small hydropower plants with high power potential. The proposed approach can further be utilized to assess an overall hydropower potential of the country.

BAE-03

Dynamic Wind flow modelling – a step towards green energy in pakistan

Tanvir Ahmad¹, Nasir Ahmad² and Yaseen Ahmad³

Department of Computer Systems Engineering (DCSE),

University of Engineering & Technology (UET) Peshawar, Pakistan

[e-mail]¹, [e-mail]², [e-mail]³

ABSTRACT

Pakistan is currently facing a huge energy crisis. At the same time, the use of conventional energy sources has increased the pollution level in many cities. Wind energy can play an important role in diminishing the energy crisis and reducing pollution levels. In this regard, this research work is aimed at discussing the potential of wind energy in Pakistan and how to assess the feasibility of different sites for wind energy systems. First potential of wind energy systems in Pakistan is presented. Then an analytical wind flow model is presented which can be used for initial feasibility studies of potential wind farm sites. The Jensen model is modified using an analytical turbulence model for getting accurate results. The modified wind flow model is simulated with an artificial wind farm array. Results are benchmarked against WindPro software. In most of the cases, the modified model produced almost the same results as WindPro.
BAE-07

BIOGAS: AN ENERGY OPTIONS FOR 1000 ACRE AGRICULTURE FARM

Muhammad Ghaffar Doggar and *Iftikhar A Raja
Energy Research Centre

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Lahore, Pakistan
*Department of Environmental Sciences

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Abbottabad, Pakistan

[e-mail], [e-mail]
ABSTRACT

Energy plays a central role in the development of economy. Like many developing economies Pakistan has acute shortage of energy and heavily dependent on import of oil. The indigenous energy resources are poor and cannot meet the total demand of energy. There is huge shortfall (6000MW+) in power generation which have led to introduction of load shedding program @ 10-20 hours per day, hampering all the developmental activities, especially operation of agriculture tube-wells. Agriculture is the main stay of the country’s economy and th. Renewable energy resources having great potential can be exploited to solve the energy crises in agriculture farmer is need to look for all energy options. The study conducted to explore energy options for an agriculture farm comprising of 1000 acre shows substantial savings in commercial fuels especially if biogas alone is applied for Tubewells operation. The farmers can benefit of biogas and solar are applied in specific recommended areas at farm level.

BGT-02

SYNTHESIS OF SURFACE ENGINEERED MAGNETIC NANO-PARTICLES AND ITS APPLICATION FOR REMOVAL OF CU (II) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
*Raziya Nadeem, Nabia Fatima, Saba Jamil, Hazafa Zafar, Madiha Rafiq and ¹Tahira Iqbal

Department of Chemistry,University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.

[e-mail], [e-mail], [e-mail], [e-mail]

ABSTRACT

In modern decades, a range of environmental challenges have been alleviated as a result of increase in nanotechnology as well as nanomaterials progress. Nanoparticles are sucessfully used in environmental applications and have absolutely shown guaranteeing efficiency in throughout pollutant removal or perhaps toxicity minimization. In this particular review, poly glutamic acid covered Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles have been efficiently synthesised using the co-precipitation method. Fe₃O₄ MNPs have been prepared in addition for comparison. For removal of Cu (II) from water, the effectiveness of these modified nanoparticles has been investigated as a function of contact time, pH and initial metal concentration, resulted that adsorption capacity is greatly assosiated of pH which occurs either by electrostatic interaction and/or making chelate complexes. Equillibrium facts disclosed the increasing outcomes as growing metal concentration and the sorption facts seemed to be effectively spelled out by Freundlich isotherm model for Cu(II) at optimum pH values of 5. The adsorption procedure, which approaches equilibrium in 30 minutes and with large correlation value (R²= 0.999) fits a pseudo second-order model. Moreover, these kinds of nanoadsorbents can be utilized as highly competent separable materials for exclusion of poisonous metal ions.
BGT-06

A SIMPLE DESIGN AND INSTLATION OF BIOGAS PLANT IN KPK PAKISTAN
Shabir Wazir and Iftikhar A Raja*

REON Energy Solution,

Lahore, Pakistan

*Department of Environmental Sciences

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Abbottabad, Pakistan

[e-mail], [e-mail]
ABSRACT

Despite rich in natural resources there are limited developments, in Pakistan, Majority of the population, particularly those living in rural areas are without basic necessities of life. Gas and electricity load-shedding exceeds 5-10 hours daily, municipal waste mismanagement and poor drainage systems have turned into health hazard. Unless we address the various issues, particularly in present situation to look for all possible energy options to meet the energy requirements, replacing the fossil fuels with alternate energy sources and management of organic waste prudently and seriously we are doomed to disaster. Anaerobic digestion, a simple technology, provides a solution – using organic waste as a source of for the biogas production. Biogas is clean, regenerative and sustainable energy sources. Various have been developed by different countries on the basis of their requirement. Two designs - fixed dome and floating drum are most commonly used. This paper eviews the biogas plants installed by Pakistan Dairy Development Company in the last few years in different areas of Pakistan, particularly in Khyber Pakhtonkhwa and Punjab provinces, and found that fixed dome is preferred over floating drum.