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Enmity is the state of being an enemy or the feeling and disposition characterizing an enemy (compare
ENEMY). Animosity denotes a feeling more active and vehement, but often less enduring and determined,
than enmity. Enmity distinctly recognizes its object as an enemy, to be met or dealt with accordingly. Hostility
is enmity in action; the term hostilities between nations denotes actual armed collision. Bitterness is a resentful
feeling arising from a belief that one has been wronged; acrimony is a kindred feeling, but deeper and more
persistent, and may arise from the crossing of one's wishes or plans by another, where no injustice or wrong is
felt. Antagonism, as between two competing authors or merchants, does not necessarily imply enmity, but
ordinarily suggests a shade, at least, of hostile feeling. Malice is a disposition or intent to injure others, for the
gratification of some evil passion; malignity is intense and violent enmity, hatred, or malice. Compare
synonyms for ACRIMONY; ANGER; HATRED.
Antonyms:
agreement, amity, friendship, kindliness, regard, alliance, concord, harmony, kindness, sympathy.
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ENTERTAIN.
Synonyms:
amuse, cheer, disport, enliven, interest, please, beguile, delight, divert, gratify, occupy, recreate.
Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
129
To entertain, in the sense here considered, is to engage and pleasantly occupy the attention; to amuse is to
occupy the attention in an especially bright and cheerful way, often with that which excites merriment or
laughter; as, he entertained us with an amusing story. To divert is to turn from serious thoughts or laborious
pursuits to something that lightly and agreeably occupies the mind; one may be entertained or amused who
has nothing serious or laborious from which to be diverted. To recreate, literally to re-create, is to engage
mind or body in some pleasing activity that restores strength and energy for serious work. To beguile is, as it
were, to cheat into cheer and comfort by something that insensibly draws thought or feeling away from pain
or disquiet. We beguile a weary hour, cheer the despondent, divert the preoccupied, enliven a dull evening or
company, gratify our friends' wishes, entertain, interest, please a listening audience, occupy idle time, disport
ourselves when merry, recreate when worn with toil; we amuse ourselves or others with whatever pleasantly
passes the time without special exertion, each according to his taste.
Antonyms:
annoy, bore, busy, disquiet, distract, disturb, tire, weary.
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ENTERTAINMENT.
Synonyms:
amusement, diversion, fun, pleasure, cheer, enjoyment, merriment, recreation, delight, frolic, pastime, sport.
Entertainment and recreation imply thought and mental occupation, tho in an agreeable, refreshing way; they
are therefore words of a high order. Entertainment, apart from its special senses of a public performance or a
social party, and predominantly even there, is used of somewhat mirthful mental delight; recreation may, and
usually does, combine the mental with the physical. Amusement and pastime are nearly equivalent, the latter
probably the lighter word; many slight things may be pastimes which we should hardly dignify by the name of
amusements. Sports are almost wholly on the physical plane, tho involving a certain grade of mental action;
fox-hunting, horse-racing, and baseball are sports. Certain sports may afford entertainment or recreation to
certain persons, according to their individual tastes; but entertainment and recreation are capable of a
meaning so high as never to be approached by any meaning of sport. Cheer may be very quiet, as the cheer of
a bright fire to an aged traveler; merriment is with liveliness and laughter; fun and frolic are apt to be
boisterous. Amusement is a form of enjoyment, but enjoyment may be too keen to be called amusement.
Compare synonyms for ENTERTAIN.
Antonyms:
ennui, fatigue, labor, lassitude, toil, weariness, work.
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ENTHUSIASM.
Synonyms:
ardor, excitement, frenzy, transport, devotion, extravagance, inspiration, vehemence, eagerness, fanaticism,
intensity, warmth, earnestness, fervency, passion, zeal. ecstasy, fervor, rapture,
The old meaning of enthusiasm implies a pseudo-inspiration, an almost frantic extravagance in behalf of
something supposed to be an expression of the divine will. This sense remains as the controlling one in the
Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
130
kindred noun enthusiast. Enthusiasm has now chiefly the meaning of an earnest and commendable devotion,
an intense and eager interest. Against the hindrances of the world, nothing great and good can be carried
without a certain fervor, intensity, and vehemence; these joined with faith, courage, and hopefulness make
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