man has an
ungovernable temper; the horses became
unmanageable; he tamed his
rebellious spirit.
Insubordinate applies to the disposition to resist and resent control as such;
mutinous, to open defiance of
authority, especially in the army, navy, or merchant marine. A
contumacious act or spirit is contemptuous as
well as defiant. Compare OBSTINATE; REVOLUTION.
Antonyms:
compliant, docile,
manageable, subservient, controllable, dutiful, obedient, tractable, deferential, gentle,
submissive, yielding.
Prepositions:
Rebellious
to or
against lawful authority.
* * * * *
RECORD.
Synonyms:
account, enrolment, instrument, register, archive, entry, inventory, roll,
catalogue, enumeration,
memorandum, schedule, chronicle, history, memorial, scroll. document, inscription, muniment,
A
memorial is any object, whether a writing,
a monument, or other permanent thing that is designed or
adapted to keep something in remembrance.
Record is a word of wide signification, applying to any writing,
mark, or trace that serves as a
memorial giving enduring attestation of an event or fact; an extended
account,
chronicle, or
history is a
record; so, too, may be a brief
inventory or
memorandum; the
inscription on a
tombstone is a
record of the dead; the striæ on a rock-surface are the
record of a glacier's passage. A
register
is
a formal or official written record, especially a series of entries made for preservation or reference; as, a
register of births and deaths.
Archives, in the sense here considered, are
documents or
records, often legal
records, preserved in a public or official depository; the word
archives is also applied to the place where such
documents are regularly deposited and preserved.
Muniments (L.
munio, fortify) are
records that enable one to
defend his title. Compare HISTORY; STORY.
* * * * *
RECOVER.
Synonyms:
be cured
or healed, heal, recuperate, restore,
be restored, reanimate, regain, resume, cure, recruit, repossess,
retrieve.
The transitive use of
recover in the sense of
cure,
heal, etc., as in
2 Kings v, 6, "That thou mayest
recover him
of his leprosy," is now practically obsolete. The chief transitive use of
recover is in the sense to obtain again
after losing,
regain,
repossess, etc.; as, to
recover stolen goods; to
recover health. The intransitive sense,
be
cured,
be restored, etc., is very common; as, to
recover from sickness, terror, or misfortune.
Antonyms:
die, fail, grow worse, relapse, sink.
Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
245
Prepositions:
From; rarely
of; (
Law) to recover judgment
against, to recover damages
of or
from a person.
* * * * *
REFINEMENT.
Synonyms:
civilization, cultivation, culture, elegance, politeness.
Civilization applies
to nations, denoting the sum of those civil, social, economic, and political attainments by
which a community is removed from barbarism; a people may be civilized while still far from
refinement or
culture, but
civilization is susceptible of various degrees and of continued progress.
Refinement applies either
to nations or individuals, denoting the removal of what is coarse and rude, and a corresponding attainment of
what
is delicate, elegant, and beautiful.
Cultivation, denoting primarily the process of cultivating the soil or
growing crops, then the improved condition of either which is the result, is applied in similar sense to the
human mind and character, but in this usage is now largely superseded by the term
culture, which denotes a
high development of the best qualities of man's mental and spiritual nature, with especial reference to the
esthetic faculties and to graces of speech and manner, regarded as the expression of a refined nature.
Culture
in the fullest
sense denotes that degree of refinement and development which results from continued
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