End Term Examination Fall Semester Jan- 2021 Name of the Program : International Foundation Programme (ifp) Course Code : 107 Name of the Course : Academic Research & Report Writing Name of the Student

Predictive research studies determine the frequency with which something occurs or its association with something else. Also called diagnostic research. In diagnostic research the researcher must be able to define clearly, what he wants to measure and must find adequate method for measuring it along with clear cut definition of ‘population’ he wants to study.
The category of process is divided into 2 types: qualitative and quantitative.
Qualitative research is research dealing with phenomena that are difficult or impossible to quantify mathematically, such as beliefs, attributes, and symbols. Qualitative researchers aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. The qualitative method investigates the why and how of decision making, not just what, where, when.
Quantitative research refers to the systematic empirical investigation of any phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques. The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical models, theories or hypotheses pertaining to phenomena.
Outcome category is also divided into 2 types: applied (action) and fundamental(basic) research.
Applied research refers to scientific study and research that seeks to solve practical problems. Applied research is used to find solutions to everyday problems, cure illness, and develop innovative technologies, rather than to acquire knowledge for knowledge's sake. Research aimed to find social or political trends that may affect a particular institution is an example of applied research. Its subtypes: marketing research and evaluation research.
Basic (fundamental or pure ) research is driven by a scientist's curiosity or interest in a scientific question. The main motivation is to expand man's knowledge, not to create or invent something. There is no obvious commercial value to the discoveries that result from basic research. This research is concerned with generalization and formulation of theory. It is done for the intellectual pleasure on learning and it has no commercial value attached to the discoveries that result from basic research.

Some other types of research: