Электрон ҳукумат

elements; target language situation; text types; tasks.	There are 5 principles in test development: purpose of the test;; language elements; target language situation; text types; tasks.
There are 4 principles in test development: purpose of the test; target language situation; text types; tasks.
How can newly created assessment tool be checked?	The best way to find out whether the created assessment tool works well is piloting		It can be checked after the announcement of learners’ results		The best way to find out whether the created assessment tool works well is using it many times		It can be checked by survey and questioner
What are the types of alternative assessment?	preliminary, Formative, Summative		test		active and passive assessments		traditional and innovative
What is Student involved assessment component of assessment for learning?	Students are not passive in the assessment process but are engaged in developing the assessment, determining what a good performance entails, and learning to score through models provided by the teacher		Teachers are the models for students to learn what is important in their performance. So feedback should be clear, descriptive, and illustrated for students. Students need guidance in giving their peers feedback as well as in evaluating themselves. This goal is grounded in the teacher modeling effective feedback		Teachers are the models for students to learn what is important in their performance and this skill is not easy and requires guidance from the teacher		EFL should lead to self- directed learning, which requires learners evaluate themselves. This skill is not easy and requires guidance from the teacher. Students should be asked to think about

Which test type can be used in the following situation An applicant is seeking admission to a University in the UK?	Proficiency tests	placement tests	diagnostic tests	achievement tests
Find the correct order in test design	Determining the purpose of a test; designing objectives; creating test specifications: devising test items; administering the test; construct a system of scoring/grading	Designing objectives; creating test specifications: devising test items; administering the test; construct a system of scoring/grading	Determining the purpose of a test; designing objectives; creating test construct a system of scoring/grading	Determining the purpose of a test; designing objectives; creating test specifications: devising test items; administering the test.
What are Hughes' cautions against a number of weaknesses of multiple-choice items. What are they?	The technique tests only recognition knowledge. Guessing may have a considerable effect on test scores. • The technique severely restricts what can be tested. It is very difficult to write successful items. • Beneficial washback may be minimal. • Cheating may be facilitated	The technique tests recognition knowledge. • Guessing may have a considerable effect on test scores. The technique severely restricts what can be tested. It is very easy to write successful items. • Beneficial washback may be forseen. • Cheating may be facilitated.	The technique does not test recognition knowledge. • Guessing may have a considerable effect on test scores. • The technique severely restricts what can be tested. It is very difficult to write successful items. Beneficial washback may be minimal. • Cheating may be avoided.	The technique does not test only recognition knowledge. • Guessing may have a considerable effect on test scores. • The technique does not restrict what can be tested. • It is very difficult to write successful items. • Beneficial washback may be minimal.
Multiple-choice tests ^are ...	practical and reliable	Valid and authentic	Valid and practical	Reliable and authentic
Washback is ...	the effect of assessments on classroom teaching and learning	the extent to which results of a test are used to gauge future performance	the extent to which a test- taker views the assessment as fair, relevant, and usefulfor improving learning	the extent to which the linguistic criteria of the test are measured and implied predetermined levels of performance are actually reached

Summative test is ...

a test that aims to measure, or summarize, what a student has grasped and typically occurs at the end of a course or unit of instruction

a test that is not limited to any one course, curriculum, or single skill in the language; rather, it tests overall global ability

statements that describe what a student can perform at a