Electronics and Circuits 2

Nanoelectronics is the electronics of semiconductor structures with dimensions from 0.1 to 100 nm , which is a logical continuation of microelectronics in the path of microminiaturization. It is part of solid-state technology based on the latest advances in solid-state physics, quantum electronics, physical chemistry, and semiconductor electronics.
In recent years, significant practical results have been achieved in nanoelectronics, ie high-efficiency lasers and emitting diodes based on hetero structures, which form the basic elements of modern telecommunications and information systems; photodetectors, ultra-high frequency transistors, single-electron transistors, various sensors and so on were created. Production of nanoelectronic OYUIS and GYuIS microprocessors has been launched.
Swedish Academy of Sciences are scientists JIAlferov, G. Kremer, Dj.S. Kilbini was awarded the Nobel Prize.
With integrated microelectronics and nanoelectronics a at the time, functional electronics developing. This direction of electronics is associated with the abandonment of traditional elements (transistors, diodes, resistors and capacitors) and the use of various physical phenomena (optical, magnetic, acoustic, etc.) in a solid body. Funk s ional electronics tools acousto-electron, magnetoelectron, cryogen tools and others enters.

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   Nanoelectronics about concepts. Nanotransistors.
   

Nano e electronics is a leading direction in the development of nanotechnology.

Microelectronics achievements and then applied technology expansion modern nanotechnology Create for is the basis. Information technology and nanoelectronic systems lead humanity to the development of communication, information processing and storage systems, production process management and the development of various modern transport, medical and home appliances and systems.
Energy and environmental problems, global warming and water scarcity threatening the planet, the development of renewable sources, the creation of energy and new ones, increasing the efficiency of energy use, the development and widespread use of biotechnology and drinking water from the sea are becoming vital human problems.
In this regard, the importance of relevant production is saturated with high-efficiency catalysts, gas adsorbents and separators, molecular networks from new materials for new and renewable energy sources, electrodes and membranes and converters operating on newly discovered or improved principles, as well as nanoelectronic devices or nanoelectronic elements controlled by sensors and mechanisms.
Increasing integration and performance, lowering costs and reducing energy consumption are sustainable trends in the development of nanoelectronic devices and systems. However, the advances in the size of the elements of nanoelectronic devices compared to molecules are limited by a number of physical and technological limitations.
Therefore, we need to change the basic concept - instead of transferring the charges of electrons and holes, which have the properties of classical particles, they are the wave nature of electrons (spin state of electrons, tunneling, the interaction of wave functions). etc.).
This scientific research and spectrum goals noticeable degree expanded used materials. Numerous scientific results, analyzes and predictions make it difficult for the reader to navigate and understand the current situation and prospects . On the one hand, nanotechnology is the triumph of interdisciplinary research and its industrial use, but at the same time for those who want to screen their lack of motivation or opportunities and lack of flexibility to overcome their educational shortcomings, their activities, results and achievements e Lon making is nanotechnological, so it is also key to social development.
Therefore, when they say that the development of nanotechnology requires significant resources, it should be borne in mind that it is also necessary to carefully organize the training of personnel, the organization of scientific research and the application of the results in production.

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