Efficacy of bilingual and multilingual education in Pakistan

Findings and Recommendations
At the end of this survey questionnaire, researchers have taken the review of the participants and took their recommendations about multilingual or monolingual education system at school level in Pakistan especially in Sargodha as it is a case study in Sargodha. Out of 32 participants 19 participants responded and gave their point of view about monolingual and multilingual education system. Some of those suggestions are discussed below.
The names of the participants are not mentioned deliberately due to privacy issues.
Participant contends in favour of multilingual education system and raised her support towards multilingual education system in Sargodha. When she is asked about which education system you would prefer, her response was:
“I would prefer multilingual education system in Sargodha because most of the students belong to rural areas and they are unable to grasp only one second language. So as to maintain a balance for all the students I will recommend designing the education system in multilingual mode keeping in mind the competency of the time”.
The second respondent argued that most of the countries feel proud in their own national language so we should also promote our own language ats school level in Sargodha but role of English Language must not be neglected as it is a Global language and internationally recognized. The respondent argued in this way about the multilingual education system at school level in Sargodha as most of the students studying in schools in Sargodha belong to rural areas and they are unable to grasp on more than one language so to make them fluent in multiple languages multilingual education system should be implemented.
“As other countries feel proud to use their own language at even international level, we should also be that much confident to speak our own language at international and national level. Speaking English or any other international language is essential for communication in order to fulfill the international needs so it can be taught only on higher level of studies and not at the school level in Sargodha”.

The respondent explained that bilingual and multilingual education system at school level in Sargodha is more effective and should be completely implemented by the government language and education policy. He discussed the previous survey about language used in Sargodha to make his argument remarkable and strong. He showed his response in this way.
“Being an English Language Teacher in a Rural Area Primary School, I would prefer to go with bilingual, or you may say, multilingual mode of teaching. The reason behind this argument is, to pin the mother or regional language along with the targeted language, into those little minds which would help them to learn slowly but progressively. In Rural Areas of Punjab like Sargodha District, English comes at no.3 along with first Punjabi (Mother Tongue) and then Urdu at second. By providing them an easy environment of multilingual approach, in my opinion, it would be much comfortable for the young minds to learn a foreign language. It may be a slow process but "Slow and steady wins the race."”
Respondent 4 is also in favour of bilingual and multilingual education system at school level in Sargodha. The respondent shared her own experience when she was in school furthermore she elaborated that there should be a clear balance between native language and the official language. The respondent also gave a suggestion to improve the way of teaching the multiple languages such as second language and third language. Some schools in Sargodha are implementing monolingual education system and the medium of instructions there is English.
“I went to Convent High School Sargodha where there was a beautiful balance between native language and official language. Never felt any issue there. It is one of the reasons why I am in the favour of bilingual/multilingual system. Moreover, it is the need of the hour. You cannot survive in this era without focusing on your official language which is English especially when you belong to a 3rd world country. The only suggestion is to improve the way of teaching second or 3rd language. The schools of Sargodha should take notes from some leading schools such as City school, beacon house, Convent, Sanai etc. Convent takes the lead as it is run by native speakers of the official language so their method can be imitated too. This is my suggestion”.
The next responser preferred the bilingual mode of instruction over the multilingual education in Sargodha. She stated that:

“Mode of communication is a significant feature for learning in educational institutions. Language barrier is considered to be a major hurdle in the process of learning in public as well as private schools in Sargodha. When it comes to debate that which of the mode is best suited keeping in mind all the aspects, I would recommend that the multilingual education more willingly than monolingual education, but if I am to select between bilingual and multilingual I would definitely consider bilingual mode of communication. Students in schools are of age where one mistake can lead to lifetime turmoil. When there is a lot of languages children are often confused and uncertain which drastically affects their process of learning and clarity of concepts is affected. For the time being all the educational establishments and policy makers should devise a system in such a way that it built the conceptual firmness rather than linguistic proficiency. As in the constitution of America, there is a description where concepts are valued more than complexity of languages. So bilingual would be a lot better than multi lingual.”

The next participant also favored the multilingual education system at school level in Sargodha as it is effective but the mother tongue should hold Superiority so that the students should not shy of speaking their own language and all the other languages should be taught just for being more competent in their field. The respondent argued in these words
“Students must be aware of the fact that learning other languages is just for being more competent but their mother tongue actually holds the superiority So they should not feel reluctant in speaking their own language even to people who thinks of international language being superior”
The next informant declared in favour of monolingual education system at school level in Sargodha. As English is international language, this shows the importance of English Language as a whole so in schools of Sargodha English language should be promoted for the implementation of the monolingual education system at school level in Sargodha. The participant made his suggestion in these words:
“Monolingual education should be promoted to teach English language to make the learners efficient communicators in English language.”
The responder showed a collaborative response. He argued that at the primary level we should make a strong grip on native language and then we should focus on the second or third language later on. In his views CLT is best way of learning the language. He made his argument in this way
“First we have to make strong grip on native language then if I talk about second language then as wee see it is a necessary for us to learn second language doesn't matter it would be English or any other language but according to me in case of learning language. The CLT (Communicative Learning Teaching; an approach of teaching language) method would be the best way in case of learning language. May be you will be satisfied from me.”)
The next respondent proclaims the argument in favour of multilingual education system at school level in Sargodha. He preceded his argument that Pakistan is multilingual country and in the cities of Pakistan such as Sargodha multilingual education system should be implemented as it helps students in better learning and enhance their cognitive ability of learning language at school level.
“As Pakistan is multilingual society we should prefer bilingual and multilingual education system its better for understanding and build up the cognitive ability in the children.”
The respondent favored the bilingual and multilingual education system at school level in Sargodha. To support multilingual education system at school level, the respondent argued that multilingual education system promote versatility and confidence in our students at the same time and this make the students able to gain more knowledge. The respondent argued in these words
“Multilingual system is better than monolingual because there's versatility and confidence in our students if at a same time they are gaining more knowledge.”