Dr. Abdurahim Okhunov Associate Professor Department of Science in Engineering

• Lecture notes in
• Atomic Nuclear Physics

• Dr. Abdurahim Okhunov
• Associate Professor
• Department of Science in Engineering
• International Islamic University Malaysia

• Lecture 1.
• WAVE PROPERTIES OF THE MICROPARTICLE

• 1. Hypothesis of de Broglie

• 2. Wave properties of microparticles

• 3. Davisson and Jermer Experiment

• Electron Diffraction from a Crystal Nickel (Ni)

• 4. The experiments of Thomson and Tartakovsky

• 1. Hypothesis of de Broglie

• The limitations of Bohr's theory indicated the need to revise the foundations of quantum theory and ideas about the nature of microparticles (electrons, protons, etc.).
• The question arise of how comprehensive is the representation of an electron, in the form of a small mechanical particle, characterized by certain coordinates and a certain speed.
• We already know that in optical phenomena a peculiar dualism is observed.
• Along with the phenomena of diffraction, interference (wave phenomena), phenomena are also observed that characterize the corpuscular nature of light (photoelectric effect, Compton effect).

• In 1924, Louis de Broglie put forward a hypothesis that the dualism is not a feature of only optical phenomena, but it has a universal character:
• particles of matter also have wave properties.

• The French scientist Louis de Broglie (1892-1987), Nobel Prize winner 1929 in Physics for discovering the wave nature of electron. In 1923, having extended the idea of ​​A. Einstein about the dual nature of light to matter, he suggested that the flow of material particles should also have wave properties associated with their mass and energy (de Broglie waves).
• The experimental confirmation of this idea was obtained in 1927 in experiments on the diffraction of electrons in crystals, and later it received practical application in the development of magnetic lenses for electronic microscope.

• Einstein introduced us to the particle properties of waves in 1905 (photoelectric effect). Compton scattering of x– rays by electrons confirmed Einstein's theories.
• You ought to ask «Is there a converse?»
• Do particles have wave properties?
• De Broglie postulated wave properties of particles in his thesis in 1924, based partly on the idea that if waves can behave like particles, then