Dnk va irsiyat. Dnk biosintezi (replikatsiya). Replikatsiya – nasliy axborotni o׳tkazish usuli

Tibbiy va biologik kimyo kafedrasi Biologik kimyo 2 kurs Mavzu: Nuklein kislotalar biosintezi Ma’ruzachilar: professorlar: R.S. Sobirova, F.X. Inoyatova, dots. M.U. Kulmanova

Ko׳rib chiqiladigan savollar

• DNK va irsiyat. DNK biosintezi (replikatsiya).
• Replikatsiya – nasliy axborotni o׳tkazish usuli.
• RNK biosintezi (transkripsiya) – DNKdagi axborotni RNK sifatida shakllanishi.
• Posttranskipsion o׳zgarishlar – RNK ning yetilishi.

• DNA replication semiconservative by.
• Kinds replication:
• The conservative
• The semiconservative
• The dispersive

• In eucariot cages replication begins at once in several (thousand) DNA points
• (dNMP) n + dNTP ®
• (dNMP) n+1 + PP

• For DNA synthesis are necessary:
• DNA-polimeraza DNA-dependent
• Desoxribonucleozid threefosfate
• DNA a matrix
• Magnesium ions
• DNA-helikaza
• DNA-giraza
• DNA-connecting of the squirrel

• Biosynthesis RNA
• Synthesis RNA is carried out by a transcription.

• The way of transfer of the genetic information which has been written down in DNA, in RNA and through it to ribosomes is called as a transcription
• The transcribed site of DNA is called transkripton.
• It contains from 300 to 108 nucleotidi.

Nuklein kislotlar

• Nuklein kislotalar – tabbiy yukori molekulali polimerlar, irsiy axborotni saklash va nasldan nasldan utkazish vazifasini bajaradi.
• DNK – dezoksiribonuklein kislota
• RNK – ribonuklein kislota

Nukleotid tuzilishi

• Nukleotidlar – DNK va RNK monomerlari.

• Nukleotid 3 kismdan tashkil topgan:
• Azotli asoslar
• Monosaxarid
• Fosfat gruppa

• Nukleozid –bu nukleotid
• fosfat gruppasiz.
• Nukleotid – bu
• fosfoefir nukleozid.