Destination B1 Topic vocabulary unit 12 Friends and relations

Destination B1

Topic vocabulary unit 12 – Friends and relations

(keep in mind that there might be other meanings of the words translated below but the ones related to this topic have been selected)

1. 
   Apologize (v) – kechirim so’ramoq
   

I must apologize to Isobel for my lateness.

Trains may be subject to delay on the northern line - we apologize for any inconvenience caused.

2. 
   Boyfriend (n) – xushtor, yigiti, yor, oshiq
   

He's not my boyfriend - we're just good friends!

Cathy's ex- boyfriend was a really nice guy.

3. 
   Close (adj) – yaqin (to'g'ridan-to'g'ri oilaviy aloqalar yoki umumiy e'tiqodlar, qo'llab-quvvatlash va hamdardlik)
   

There weren't many people at the funeral - just close family/relatives .

They're a worrying political party because of their close links/ties with terrorist groups.

4. 
   Confident (adj) – o’ziga ishonchi bor; o’ziga ishonchi bor
   

Be a bit more confident in yourself!

They don't sound confident about the future of the industry.
I'm confident of his skills as a manager.
[ + that ] Are you confident that enough people will attend the event?

5. 
   Cool (adj) – zamonaviy (kiyinishi) va jozibali
   

Angie's got some cool new sunglasses.

Now I know it won't look very cool, but this hat will keep the sun out of your eyes.

6. 
   Couple (n) – juftlik
   

a married couple

An elderly couple UK live
Should the government do more to help young couples buy their own homes?

7. 
   Decorate (v) – (1) bezatmoq; (2) orden bilan taqdirlamoq
   

(1) They decorated the wedding car with ribbons and flowers.

(1) We're going to decorate the kitchen next week.
(2) They were decorated for their part in the rescue.

8. 
   Defend (v) - kimnidir yoki biror narsani hujum yoki tanqiddan himoya qilish
   

White blood cells help defend the body against infection.
They are fighting to defend their beliefs/interests/rights.
How can we defend our homeland if we don't have an army?

9. 
   Divorced (adj) – ajrashgan
   
   
   

She's divorced.
They got divorced after only six months of marriage.

10. 
    Flat (n) – kvartira
    

a furnished/unfurnished flat
a block of flats
They have a house in the country and a flat in London.

11. 
    Generous (adj) – saxiy; pul, yordam, mehribonlik va hk berishga tayyor, ayniqsa odatdagidan yoki kutilganidan ko'proq
    

a very generous man
[ + to infinitive ] It was most generous of you to lend me the money.
She's been very generous with her time.
He is a warm and generous human being.

12. 
    Girlfriend (n) - ishqiy munosabatdagi ayol yoki qiz; qiz o’rtog’i
    

I've never met his girlfriend.

Bill arrived at the party with his new girlfriend on his arm.

13. 
    Grateful (adj) – kimgadir nisbatan minnatdorchilik ko’rsatish yoki bildirish
    

I'm so grateful ( to you) for all that you've done.

If you could get that report finished by Thursday I'd be very grateful.
After the earthquake we felt grateful to be alive.
I'm just grateful that I'm not still working for him.
formal I would be most grateful if you would send me the book immediately.

14. 
    Guest (n) – mehmon
    

150 guests were invited to the wedding.

We have guests ( US houseguests ) staying this weekend.
Is he on the guest list ?
He is a paying guest (= He pays for the use of a room in someone's home) .

15. 
    Independent (adj) – ozod; qaram emas
    

He is young, independent and confident.

Uzbekistan used to be a dependent country till 1991 but since 1991 it has been an independent country.

16. 
    Introduce (v) – tanishtirmoq
    

I'd like to introduce my younger son, Mark.

Have you two been introduced ( to each other)?

17. 
    Loving (adj) – sevgi/mehr ko’rsatadigan yoki his qilsa bo’ladigan
    

a loving relationship

He's a very loving child.

18. 
    Loyal (adj) – sodiq
    

Jack has been a loyal worker in this company for almost 50 years.

When all her other friends deserted her, Steve remained loyal.
She's very loyal to her friends.

19. 
    Mood (n) – kayfiyat
    

She's in a good/bad mood.

I'm not really in the mood for shopping.

20. 
    Neighbor (n) – qo’shni
    

Some of the neighbours have complained about the noise from our party.

Have you met Pat, my next-door neighbour?

21. 
    Ordinary (adj) – oddiy
    

an ordinary neighbourhood

Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about ordinary people and fewer stories about the rich and famous.
Her last concert appearance in Britain was no ordinary (= a very special) performance.

22. 
    Patient (adj) – sabrli
    

Dinner will be ready in half an hour - just be patient!

Be patient with her - she's very young.

23. 
    Private (adj ) – (1) shaxsiy; (2) o’z fikrlarini yoki hayot tarzini boshqalar bilan muhokama qilmaydigan odam.
    

(1) One day I shall open my private learning center and prepare students for IELTS like my teacher.

(2) She's quite a private person.

24. 
    Recognize (v) – tanimoq
    

"Do you recognize this song?"

Doctors are trained to recognize the symptoms of different diseases.

25. 
    Relation (n) – oilangiz a’zosi
    

The funeral was attended by friends and relations.

She's a relation by marriage because she married my cousin.
All our relations are coming to the party.

26. 
    Rent (v/n) – (v) kvatira uchun pul to’lamoq; (n) ijara haqi
    

(v) The old lady rented us her spare bedroom for £55 a week.

(v) My Dad has a cottage which he rents (out) to tourists.
(n) I pay a higher rent/more rent than the other tenants because my room is bigger.
(n) Rents here are ridiculously high/low.

27. 
    Respect (v/n) – (v) xurmat qilmoq / (n) xurmat
    

(v) I deeply respect David for what he has achieved.
(n) I have great/the greatest respect for his ideas, although I don't agree with them.
(n) She is a formidable figure who commands a great deal of respect (= who is greatly admired by others).
(n) New teachers have to earn/gain the respect of their students.

28. 
    Single (adj) – bo’ydoq; turmishga chiqmagan; ajrashgan
    

a single woman/man/person
He's been single for so long now, I don't think he'll ever marry.

29. 
    Stranger (n) – begona
    

My mother always warned me not to talk to strangers.
I'd never met anyone at the party before - they were complete strangers.

30. 
    Trust (v/n) – ishonmoq; ishonch
    

(v) My sister warned me not to trust him.
(v) Trust me - I know about these things.
(n) a relationship based on trust and understanding
(n) We were obviously wrong to put our trust in her.
Phrasal verbs

1. 
   Bring up – tarbiyalab katta qilmoq
   

She was brought up by her grandmother.
They brought her up (as/to be) a Catholic.
[ + to infinitive ] David was brought up to respect authority.

2. 
   Fall out (with sb) – tortishib qolmoq
   

Have you two fallen out (with each other)?

He left home after falling out with his parents.
She'd fallen out with her boyfriend over his ex-girlfriend.

3. 
   Get on (with sb) = get along (with sb) – yaxshi munosabatdan bo’lmoq (kim bilandir)
   

We're getting on much better now that we don't live together.
He doesn't get on with his daughter.

4. 
   Go out (with sb) – mashuqasi sifatida uchrashib yurmoq
   

How long have you been going out with him?

They'd been going out (together/with each other) for almost five years before they got married.

5. 
   Grow up – ulg’aymoq; katta bo’lmoq
   

I grew up in Scotland (= I lived in Scotland when I was young) .
Taking responsibility for yourself is part of the process of growing up.

6. 
   Let sb down – kimnidir xafsalasini pir qilmoq; umidini so’ndirmoq; ko’nglini qoldirmoq
   

You will be there tomorrow - you won't let me down, will you?
When I was sent to prison, I really felt I had let my parents down.

7. 
   Look after sb – kimgadir g’amxorlik qilmoq;
   

I think looking after her elderly mother is quite a drain on her energy .
I need someone dependable to look after the children while I'm at work.

8. 
   Split up – ajrashib ketmoq; munosabatni tugatmoq
   

She split up with her boyfriend last week.
When I found out that she was two-faced, I split up with her.

Prepositional phrases

1. 
   By yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves = on your own/on his own/on her own/on their own/on our own = alone – yolg’iz
   

He lives by himself = he lives on his own = he lives alone
How will you come by yourself at mid-night?

2. 
   a. In common with sb/sth – kimdir yoki nimadir kabi bir xil tarzda
   

In common with many mothers, she feels torn between her family and her work.

b. have a lot/much/something/nothing/little/one thing in common – umumiylik bor
we don’t really have much in common
you and I … we have nothing in common.

3. 
   In contact (with) - … (bilan) aloqada
   

"Have you been in contact with Andrew recently?" "Only by telephone."
I'm still in contact with her - we write a couple of times a year.

4. 
   In love (with) - … bilan oshiq;
   

I'm in love for the first time and it's wonderful.

They're still madly in love ( with each other).

5. 
   On purpose – ataylab; tasodifan emas
   

I didn't do it on purpose - it was an accident.

He asked that question on purpose – I know him.

6. 
   By yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves = on your own/on his own/on her own/on their own/on our own = alone – yolg’iz
   

He lives by himself = he lives on his own = he lives alone
How will you come by yourself at mid-night?

Word patterns

1. 
   To be fond of - … kimnidir yoki nimanidir juda yoqtirmoq
   

"I'm very fond of you, you know," he said.
My brother is fond of pointing out my mistakes.

2. 
   To be jealous of … - ni qizg’anmoq; … ni rashk qilmoq
   

He gets really jealous if his girlfriend strikes up a friendship with another man.
Why are you jealous of her? She's no competition!

3. 
   To be kind to sb - … ga mexribon bo’lmoq
   

Please be kind to your sister!
They have always been kind to me!

4. 
   To be married to - … bilan oila qurmoq; … bilan oila qurmoq;
   

We've been happily married for five years.
(figurative) Rachel seems to be married to (= very involved with) her new job at the moment, so we hardly ever see her.

5. 
   To be proud of sb - … dan faxrlanmoq
   

You must be very proud of your son.
He was justifiably proud of his achievements.

6. 
   Admire somebody for sth – kimnidir nimadir qilgan ishi uchun qattiq xurmat qilmoq
   

I admired him for his determination.
He is admired for his conscientiousness.

7. 
   Apologize (to sb) for sth – kimdandir nimadir qilgan ishi uchun uzur so’ramoq
   

I must apologize to Isobel for my lateness.
She apologized profusely for hav ing to leave at 3.30 p.m.

8. 
   Argue with sb about sth – kim bilandir nimadir haqida bahs qilmoq
   

Kids, will you stop arguing with each other?
They were arguing over/about which film to go and see.

9. 
   Care about sth/sb – kimnidir yoki nimanidir muhim darajada deb e’tibor bermoq
   

She's never cared very much about her appearance.

Your parents are only doing this because they care about (= love) you.

10. 
    Chat to sb about sth – kim bilandir nimadir haqida chatlashmoq/gaplashmoq
    

She spends hours on the phone chatting to her friends.

We were just chatting about what we did last weekend.

11. 
    An argument with sb about sth – nimadir haqida kim bilandir bahs
    

We were having a friendly argument about Green politics.

We had an argument with our neighbours, and now they won't even talk to us.

12. 
    Relationship (with) – munosabat
    

Lack of trust is very destructive in a relationship.

He has a very good relationship with his uncle.