Cyber Crime and Cyber Terrorism

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Strategic responses to cyber attacks
curiosity or a method for testing weaknesses in security systems, Calce' DDoS at-
tacks are thought to have costs companies in excess of $1 billion (CAD) according to 
various media sources (
Niccolai, 2000
).
STRATEGIC RESPONSES TO CYBER ATTACKS
Having explored the different cyber cases above it is also important to highlight that 
different countries use different strategies for dealing with these attacks. Below is a 
brief overview of the UK, USA's, and EUs strategies for dealing with cybercrime.
The Comprehensive National Cyber security Initiative set up by the US gov-
ernment in 2008 consists of the following goals which are designed to help secure 
the US:
• To establish a front line of defense against today's immediate threats
• To defend against the full spectrum of threats
• To strengthen the future cyber security environment
The document also lists 12 key initiatives:
• Manage the Federal Enterprise Network as a single network enterprise with 
trusted internet connections
• Deploy an intrusion detection system of sensors across the Federal enterprise
• Pursue deployment of intrusion prevention systems across the Federal enterprise
• Co-ordinate and redirect research and development (R&D) efforts.
• Connect current cyber ops centers to enhance situational awareness
• Develop and implement a government-wide cyber counterintelligence (CI) plan
• Increase the security of our classified networks
• Expand cyber education
• Define and develop enduring “leap-ahead” technology, strategies, and programs
• Define and develop enduring deterrence strategies and programs
• Develop a multi-pronged approach for global supply chain risk management
• Define the Federal role for extending cyber security into critical infrastructure 
domains (
The White House, 2009
).
The Department of Defense Strategy for Operating in Cybercrime (2011) has Five 
Strategic Initiatives: