Critical Thinking by Example

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Bog'liq
Critical Thinking by Example

Simple Argument: A single premise supports a single conclusion.
C P1
Serial Argument: A premise set is used to support a subconclusion. The subconclusion serves as a premise for a further conclusion.	C P1 P2
Linked Argument: Two or more premises are logically linked and work together to support a conclusion.	C P1 P2
Convergent Argument: Two or more premises are logically independent. They work independently to support the conclusion.	C P1 P2
Divergent Argument: A premise set supports two or more conclusions.	C1 C2 P1

We have seen a simple argument above (example 1.1). Here are examples of the remaining four:

Example 1.6: Serial Argument

[1] Lassie is a mammal, [2] since Lassie is a dog. [3] So, Lassie is warm blooded.
3

1

Notice that the numbers function merely like names, their order or size make no difference. We could have just as easily written '157' as opposed to '1'. Also, look at 1 in the argument. It is a main premise because it supports the main conclusion, but 1 is also a conclusion, since 2 supports it. We will term this a 'subconclusion'. Something that is both a conclusion and a premise for a further conclusion is a subconclusion. 2 is a subpremise, since it supports a subconclusion, not the main conclusion. In other words, any premise that does not directly support a main conclusion is a subpremise.

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