Course work theme: Humor and satire in Shakespeare’s comedies. Done by: Abdurakhimova Nilufar Research adviser: Gaziyeva Saida Chirchik 2022 Content introduction chapter I. Shakespeare’s life and works

Twelfth Night is similar – the humiliation of a man the in-group doesn’t like. As in The Merchant of Venice, his suffering is simply shrugged off in the highly contrived comic ending.
Not one of Shakespearean comedy, no matter how full of life and love and laughter and joy, it may be, is without a darkness at its heart. Much Ado About Nothing , like Antony and Cleopatra (a ‘tragedy’ with a comic structure), is a miracle of creative writing. Shakespeare seamlessly joins an ancient mythological love story and a modern invented one, weaving them together into a very funny drama in which light and dark chase each other around like clouds and sunshine on a windy day, and the play threatens to fall into an abyss at any moment and emerges from that danger in a highly contrived ending once again.
Like the ‘tragedies’ Shakespeare comedies defy categorisation. They all draw our attention to a range of human experience with all its sadness, joy, poignancy, tragedy, comedy, darkness and lightness. Below are all of the plays generally regarded as Shakespeare comedy plays.
2.3.Tragedy in W.Shakespeare
«Hamlet» Hamlet, also known as The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare between 1599 and 1602. The events of the play take place in the Kingdom of Denmark. Hamlet's father, King Hamlet's ghost, urges his son to take revenge on his uncle, Claudius. Claudius kills his brother, seizes the throne, and marries his brother's widow. Hamlet is Shakespeare's longest play and one of the most powerful and influential tragedies in English literature. The play has been retold and modified many times. Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's most famous plays and is still one of the author's most staged. The play has been at the top of the list of the most popular plays of the Royal Shakespeare Company and previous theaters in Stratford-upon-Avon since 1879. The work has inspired dozens of writers, including Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Charles Dickens, James Joyce, and Iris Murdoch, and is described as the most-screened story since Cinderella. Shakespeare's Hamlet is based on the legend of Amleth. This legend is preserved in the 13th-century work of Saxo Grammaticus, Gestate Dan rum, and re-told in the 16th century by the scholar François de Belleforest. Shakespeare may have relied on a work written during the reign of Elizabeth I, now known as Ur-Hamlet, but some scholars believe that Ur-Hamlet was also written by Shakespeare himself and later in a form known to us. Shakespeare adapted the protagonist for Richard Burbage, one of the best actors of the time. In the 400 years since the play was written, Hamlet has been played by several successful actors. The first three versions of the work have survived: The First Quarto (K1, 1603); Second Quarto (K2, 1604); and the First Infolio (I1, 1623). Each version has lines and scenes that are not available in the other. The structure and characters of the play are widely studied. One of them is the centuries-old debate over Hamlet's hesitation to kill his uncle. Some believe that the aim was to prolong the play, while others believe that it was an expression of complex philosophical and moral concepts related to murder, planned revenge and extinct desires. In the following years, critics explored Hamlet's secret desires, and feminists sought to re-evaluate and reconstruct the images of Ophelia and Gertrude, often portrayed negatively.
The play «Hamlet» was first translated into Uzbek by Maqsud Shaykhzoda. After Maqsud Shaykhzoda, «Cholpon» also translated this work from Russian into Uzbek. Later, Jamal Kemal also translated. The play has been published several times in Uzbek, including the one-volume Plays (1960), the five-volume Selected Works (1983) (Vol. 3), and the three-volume Selected Works (2007) (Vol. 1).