Corrections

Incarceration options…continued

• Juvenile Training Schools/Prisons:
• 2,260 facilities
• roughly 38,500 youth are housed in juvenile facilities
• roughly 4,500 youth are housed in adult facilities
• Another 2,000 youth are housed in misc. facilities
• Mental health facilities (unknown numbers are diverted here due to legal insanity rulings)

In total, roughly 1.7 million are currently behind bars in

the United States (plus those in mental health facilities)

Probation

• Court administered program, in lieu of incarceration
• Behavioral contract, the violation of which could result in probation being revoked and a prison/jail sentence imposed
• Roughly 3.1 million people are currently on probation
• Different levels of supervision and monitoring methodology:
• Regular
• Intensive
• Electronic
• Home detention
• Halfway house confinement

Parole

• Post prison release mechanism
• Generally administered by the Executive Branch
• Behavioral contract, the violation of which could result in parole being revoked and being returned to prison
• Roughly 860,000 people are currently on parole
• Different levels of supervision and monitoring methodology:
• Regular
• Intensive
• Electronic
• Home detention
• Halfway house confinement

Parole

Parole release decisions are irregularly applied. Several

factors do weigh in, including:

• Institutional behavior
• Crime severity
• Criminal history
• Length of incarceration (usually not eligible until 1/3 of the maximum sentence has been served)
• Mental state/Mental illness concerns
• Victim input
• Reintegration factors (place to live, family situation, employment opportunities)

Other Sanctions

• Fines/citations/waiverable offense schedules
• Community-based options:
• Pretrial release/pretrial diversion
• Street diversion (via problem solving policing)
• Halfway houses
• Restitution/community service sentences
• Drug/alcohol treatment diversion
• Mental health diversion
• Misc. therapy and counseling programs
• Family relations and life skills classes
• Educational and voc training and assistance programs
• Employment preparation and expectation courses
• Employment assistance programs
• Intermittent incarceration
• Prison/jail furlough