Convenience



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Fundamentals-of-Management-8th-Edition-Ricky-Griffin-978-1285849041

280
Part 4:
Leading
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or listen to music. Sometimes sleep may even supply the needed pause. Bruce Roth even-
tually joined Warner-Lambert, an up-and-coming drug company, to help develop a new
medication to lower cholesterol. In his spare time, Roth read mystery novels and hiked
in the mountains. He later acknowledged that this was when he did his best thinking.
Similarly, Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon.com, sets aside at least one day a
week with no scheduled appointments or meetings and uses this time to allow ideas to
incubate.
Insight
Usually occurring after preparation and incubation, insight is a spontaneous
breakthrough in which the creative person achieves a new understanding of some prob-
lem or situation. Insight represents a coming together of all the scattered thoughts and
ideas that were maturing during incubation. It may occur suddenly or develop slowly
over time. Insight can be triggered by some external event, such as a new experience or
an encounter with new data, which forces the individual to think about old issues and
problems in new ways, or it can be a completely internal event in which patterns of
thought finally coalesce in ways that generate new understanding. One day, Bruce Roth
was reviewing results from statistical analyses from some earlier studies that had found
the new medication under development to be no more effective than other drugs already
available. But Roth recognized that there were better ways to analyze the data using dif-
ferent statistical methods. When he reanalyzed the data using the more appropriate
methods, he found some significant statistical relationships that had not been identified
previously. He knew then that he had a major breakthrough on his hands.
Verification
Once an insight has occurred, verification determines the validity
or truthfulness of the insight. For many creative ideas, verification includes scientific
experiments to determine whether the insight actually leads to the results expected.
Verification may also include the development of a
product or service prototype. A prototype is one
product or a very small number of products built
just to see if the ideas behind this new product actu-
ally work. Product prototypes are rarely sold to the
public but are very valuable in verifying the insights
developed in the creative process. Once the new
product or service is developed, verification in the
marketplace is the ultimate test of the creative idea
behind it. Bruce Roth and his colleagues set to
work testing the new drug compound and eventually
won FDA approval. The drug, named Lipitor, is
already the largest-selling pharmaceutical in history.
And Pfizer, the firm that bought Warner-Lambert in
a hostile takeover, is expected to earn more than $10
billion a year on the drug.
45

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