Conduct of modern science– 2016 • Díl 1

Science without borders - 2020 ★ Volume 14
system must also be considered both as a whole and at the same time as a subsystem 
for higher levels;
* The concept of structure reflects the ability of the system description through 
the establishment of its structure, i.e. network of ties and relations of the system; the 
dependence of the system behavior the behavior of its individual elements and the 
properties of its structure. This system principle in the system approach is expressed in 
structuring, which allows you to analyze the elements o f the system and their 
relationships within a specific organizational structure. As a rule, the process of 
functioning of the system is determined not so much by the properties of its individual 
elements as by the properties of the structure itself;
* the principle of interdependence of the system and the environment - the 
system forms and manifests its properties in the process of interaction with the 
environment, while being the leading active component of interaction. The system 
approach considers this principle through the openness of the system. The system must 
have connections with the external environment, otherwise it is inaccessible to the 
subject located in the external environment, which formulates the integrative property;
* the principle of hierarchy - each component of the system in turn can be 
considered as a system, and the system under study in this case is one of the 
components of a broader system). The system approach considers the hierarchical 
structure, that is, the presence of set of (at least two) elements located on the basis of 
subordination of elements of the lower level to elements of the higher level. As you 
know, any organization is an interaction of two subsystems: the managing and 
managed.
The system approach covers any type of activity, identifying patterns and 
relationships in order to use them more effectively. At the same time, the system 
approach is not so much a method of solving problems as a method of setting tasks. 
This is a qualitatively higher way of knowing than just the subject. System approach ( 
system analysis) - the direction of research methodology, which is based on the 
consideration of the object as an integral set of elements in the totality of relations and 
relationships between them, that is, the consideration of the object as a system. In this 
regard, to the five principles of the system approach considered, another one is added
- this is the principle of interconnectedness of the system components. This principle 
States that the interconnectedness of the system components is obvious, since they are 
connected at least through an integrative property. However, you should distinguish
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