Communication strategies in foreign language acquisition

Communication strategies in foreign language acquisition

Done by: Z. A. Qochqorova

What is the communication?

COMMUNICATION is an exchange of ideas, feelings or meaning between two or more people.

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In the course of learning a foreign (or second) language, learners will frequently encounter communication problems caused by lack of linguistic resources.

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What are communication strategies?

Communication strategies are strategies that learners use to overcome these problems in order to convey their intended meaning.

The term Communication strategy was introduced by Selinker in 1972, and the first systematic analysis of Communication strategies was made by Varadi in 1973. There were other various studies in the 1970s, but the real boom in Communication strategy scholarship came in the 1980s. Ellen Bialystok link communication strategies to her general theory of second language acquisition.

No comprehensive list of strategies has been agreed on by researchers in foreign language acquisition, but some commonly used strategies have been observed.

1. CIRCUMLOCUTIONS This refers to learners using different words or phrases to express their intended meaning. For example, if learners do not know the word grandfather they may paraphrase it by saying “my father’s father”

2. SEMANTIC AVOIDANCE Learners may avoid a problematic word by using a different one, for example, substituting the irregular verb make with the regular verb ask. The regularity of ask makes it easier to use correctly (your task: find situations for this)

3. WORD COINAGE This refers to learners creating new words or phrases for words that they do not know. For example, a learner might refer to an art gallery as a “picture place”

4. LANGUAGE SWITCH Learners may insert a word from their first language into a sentence, and hope that their interlocutor will understand.

5. ASKING FOR CLARIFICATION The strategy of asking an interlocutor for the correct word or other help is a communication strategy. (interlocutor – someone who is ionvolved in a conversation

6. NON – VERBAL STRATEGIES This can refer to strategies such as the use of gesture and mime to augment or replace verbal communication. (augment – to increase the size or value of something by adding something to it)

7. AVOIDANCE Learners of a foreign language may learn to avoid talking about topics for which they lack the necessary vocabulary or other language skills in the language. Also, language learners sometimes start to try to talk about a topic, but abandon the effort in mid – utterance after discovering that they lack the language resources needed to complete their message.

Strategies for effective communication:

• Practice avtive listening. Effective communicators are always good listeners.
• Focus on nonverbal communication.
• Manage your own emotions.
• Ask for feedback.
• Practice public speaking.
• Develop a filter.

Thank you for your attention!!!