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bet | 8/23 | Sana | 23.06.2017 | Hajmi | 1,36 Mb. | | #13623 |
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What is the main investigation for laboratory confirmation of Meningococcal infection?
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*Selection of agent from nasopharynx, blood, CSF
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Biochemical analysis of CSF
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Immunological tests
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Express methods
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Latex agglutination of blood
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What is the main investigation for laboratory confirmation of Meningococcal meningitis?
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*CSF culture
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Biochemical research of CSF
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Latex agglutination of blood
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immune-fluorescent method
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indirect hemagglutination reaction
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What is the most characteristic sign of brain edema?
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*Violation of consciousness.
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Hyperthermia.
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Oliguria.
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Increased blood pressure.
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Bulging fontanel.
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What is the most characteristic sign of brain edema?
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*Convulsions.
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Hypothermia.
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Oliguria.
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Venous stasis.
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Bulging fontanel.
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What is the most typical version of the primary rash in meningococcemia?
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*Papulous.
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Erythematous
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Excoriated.
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Roseolous.
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Vesiculous.
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What is the most typical version of the rash in meningococcemia?
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*Haemorrhagic.
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Excoriated.
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Roseolous.
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Vesicular.
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Pustular.
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What is the most typical version of the rash in meningococcemia, typical form?
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*Petechial.
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Erythematous.
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Bullous.
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Vesiculous.
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Pustulous.
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What is the specific prophylaxis of enteroviral infection?
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*A specific prophylaxis is absent
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Vaccination by inactivated cultures in age of 1 year.
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Vaccination by inactivated cultures in age of 3 and 9 years.
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Introduction of specific Ig is conducted in age of 3 months.
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Introduction of specific Ig is conducted in age 15 months.
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What is the way of poliomyelitis virus distribution in the organism of child?
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*hematogenous
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transplacental
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transcutaneal
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descending
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ascending
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What muscles more frequent are damaged at poliomyelitis?
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*Muscles of lower extremities
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Muscles of upper extremities
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Muscles of neck
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Muscles of face
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Muscles of thorax and abdomen
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What parts of the nervous system are the most damaged at poliomyelitis?
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*Spinal cord
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Trunk of cerebrum
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Trigeminal nerve
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Facial nerve
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Kernels of cranial nerves
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What medicines are given to children in the focus of enteroviral infection?
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*Gamma-globulin and interferon for 14-15 days
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Anaferon for 10 days
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Antibiotics for 5 days
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Specific Ig for 3 days
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Specific antitoxin is injected for the first 2 days
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What sign is not characteristic for tubercular meningitis?
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*Acute beginning
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Presence of prodromal period
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Fever
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Head ache
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Meningeal symptoms
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What system is the most sensible to the polio-virus?
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*Nervous system
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Cardio-vascular system
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Lymphatic system
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Bone-muscular system
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System of blood
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What tissues are the most sensible to action of Meningococcal endotoxin?
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*endothelium of blood vessels
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heart
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suprarenal glands
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brain
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cerebellum
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What type of immunity is formed after poliomyelitis?
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*stable immunity
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unsteady immunity
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typospecific immunity
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family specific immunity
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absent immunity
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What typical features of muscles damage by the virus of poliomyelitis?
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*Atony, arephlexia, «mosaic» of damaged muscles, atrophy, shakiness of joints
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Hypotonia, hyporephlexia, atrophy, tetraparesis, osteoporosis
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Hypertonia, and hyperrephlexia, «mosaic» of damaged muscles, osteoporosis
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Hypertonia, and hyperrephlexia, joints' ankylosis
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Atony, arephlexia, hemiparesis, deformation of spine
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What vaccination is done for the prophylaxis of poliomyelitis?
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*Specific active prophylaxis by the living loosened vaccine
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Specific active prophylaxis by antitoxin
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Unspecific active prophylaxis
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By specific Ig
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By gamma globulin
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When vaccination against poliomyelitis is performed?
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*From 3 months triply with an interval 1 month
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From 3 months triply with an interval 1 week
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In 1 year, 3 and 6 years
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Only by an epidemic testimony
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It is not conducted
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Which prevention is crucial in the eradication of polio?
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*Routine vaccination not less than 96 percent of inhabitants
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Observation of contact at the source of infection for three weeks
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The current and final disinfection in the focus
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Emergency vaccination of those who were not vaccinated before
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Emergency introduction of the donor immunoglobulin to all contacts
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Which statement about the rash in enterovirus infection is wrong?
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*Leaves pigmentation and scaling
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Pink, small maculous-papulous and pin-point
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A skin background is not changed
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Appears simultaneously on the face and trunk
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It is saved for a few days
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Which of the following drugs should be used on prehospital stage of meningococcemia treatment?
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*Chloramphenicol succinate.
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Cephalosporin Antibiotics.
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Diphenhydramine.
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Dicarboxylic.
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Penicillin.
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Which of the following drugs should be used on prehospital stage of meningococcemia treatment?
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*Prednisolone.
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Diphenhydramine.
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Dicarboxylic.
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Penicillin.
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Verospiron
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Which of the following is not characteristic for enteroviral meningitis?
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It starts badly with a severe headache, vomiting, hyperthermia
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Meningitis symptoms usually persist up to 5 days
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*In the cerebrospinal fluid: cytosis is mixed as lymphocytic, neutrophilic character; sugar and protein is not elevated
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Sanation of CSF occurs at 3-4th week of illness
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Often, meningeal syndrome is weak or incomplete
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Which symptom is not typical for neurotoxicosis?
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*Sunken fontanel.
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Convulsions.
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Violation of consciousness.
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Hyperthermia.
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Acrocyanosis.
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Which symptom is not typical for neurotoxicosis?
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*Sunken fontanel.
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Hyperthermia.
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Acrocyanosis.
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Oliguria.
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Hyperpnoe.
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Which viral infections are characterized by meningeal syndrome?
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*Poliomyelitis.
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Parainfluenza.
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Adenovirus infection.
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Rhinovirus infection.
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Respiratory syncitial infection
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Which viral infections are characterized by meningeal syndrome?
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*Herpesvius infection.
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Respiratory syncitial infection
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Adenovirus infection.
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Rotavirus infection
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Reovirus infection
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Who is the source of infection at poliomyelitis?
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*Patients with poliomyelitis and virus carriers
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Only patients with poliomyelitis
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Patients with poliomyelitis and virus carriers
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Polio people and animals
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Patients with poliomyelitis and reconvalescents
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Choose the most likely indicators of CSF in case of Polio.
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*Transparent, cell count is 100 cells, 80% lymphocytes, protein is 0.45 g/l
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Turbid, milky, cell count is 1200, 92% neutrophils, protein is 1.2 g/l
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Transparent, yellowish, cell count 200, lymphocytes 72%, glucose 1.2 mmol/l
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Red, cell count is 150 (erythrocytes)
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Transparent, cell count is 5, 100% lymphocytes, protein 0.045 g/l
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Choose the most likely indicators of CSF in case of Enterovirus infection.
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*mild lymphocytic pleocytosis, protein-cell dissociation
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changes are not characteristic (indicators are standard)
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marked lymphocytic pleocytosis, cell-protein dissociation
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the neutrophilic pleocytosis, cell-protein dissociation
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moderate neutrophilic pleocytosis, protein and cell dissociation
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Which study will confirm Enterovirus infection in its’ early stage?
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*the virusological swab from the pharynx by ELISA
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serological method of paired sera
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bacteriological smear from the oropharynx
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detection of specific antibodies (Ig G) for enterovirus
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blood smear (thick film)
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For the specific prophylaxis of influenza is used:
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antitoxin
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*living or killed vaccines
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associated vaccines
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anti-influenza serum
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interferon
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A typical inspection sign in a patient with lobar pneumonia is:
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*color, usually on the side of lesion
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jaundiced skin
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butterfly rash
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gray color
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everything is correct
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A typical percussion sign of acute bronchitis is:
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*clear lung sound, often with bandbox
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clear lung sound
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shortening of pulmonary sound in the lower parts of the lungs
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shortening of the lung sound all over the lungs
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everything is correct
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Acute stenotic laryngotracheobronchitis of the 1st degree - is:
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*compensated croup
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subcompensated croup
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decompensated croup
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asphyxia
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everything is correct
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What antigens do the flu viruses have?
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Н- and О-antigens
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only О antigen
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S antigen
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Vi antigen
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*S- and Vi- antigens
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What reaction is it better to use for establishment of influenza virus' type?
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hemagglutination braking reaction
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hemadsorption braking reaction
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immunofluorescense reaction
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*complement binding reaction
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neutralization reaction on the culture of cells
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Among the viruses that cause croup, the first place has:
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*Parainfluenza virus
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Adenovirus
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Influenza virus
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RS- virus
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Everything is wrong
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An influenza is passed by such way:
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air-dust.
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*air-droplet.
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contact.
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through a crockery.
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through the articles of common use.
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What catarrhal sign is the most probable in respiratory-syncitial infection?
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rhinitis.
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pharyngitis.
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laryngitis.
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bronchitis.
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*bronchiolitis.
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What environments can be used for the selection of adenovirus?
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Blood, spinal fluid, urine.
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Blood, urine, feces.
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*Nasopharyngeal smears, feces, urine.
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Saliva, urine, spinal fluid.
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Blood, nasopharyngeal smears, feces.
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Through what time the repeated case of parainfluenza is possible in one child?
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In a year.
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*In few months.
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In few weeks.
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In few days.
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The repeated disease is impossible.
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What investigation is used for express diagnosis of parainfluenza.
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complement binding reaction
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Passive hemagglutination reaction
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neutralization reaction
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*Immune-enzyme analysis
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Polymerase chain reaction
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Interferon is the important factor of protection against viral infections. How does it act?
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It is present in the serum of healthy person, acting part of supervision after viruses
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It covers viral particles and blocks their attachment to the cells
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It protects the infected cells, which produce it, from death
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It lyses infected cells
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*It induces the synthesis of one or a few cellular proteins which depress the translation or transcription of virus
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At RS-infection the maximal pathological changes are localized in:
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Nasopharynx
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Pharynx.
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Larynx.
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Trachea.
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*Small and middle bronchi.
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The source of adenoviral infection is:
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Patients with the typical and atypical forms of adenoviral infection.
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People and birds with adenoviral infection.
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*Patients with adenoviral infection and transmitters of adenovirus.
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People and small mammals with adenoviral infection.
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People and animals with adenoviral infection.
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Blood oxygen saturation more than 90% is typical for:
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*Respiratory insufficiency 1 degree.
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Respiratory insufficiency 0 degree.
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Respiratory insufficiency 2 degree.
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Respiratory insufficiency 3 degree.
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everything is wrong
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Bradipnoe is characteristic for:
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*Respiratory insufficiency 3 degree.
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Respiratory insufficiency 1 degree.
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Respiratory insufficiency 2 degree.
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Respiratory insufficiency 0 degree.
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everything is correct
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Clinical analysis of blood in patients with acute bronchitis are:
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*leukopenia, lymphocytosis
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significant leukopenia
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moderate leucocytosis, anemia
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significant leucocytosis, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
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everything is wrong
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Duration of acute pneumonia is:
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*to 8 - weeks
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to 6 - weeks
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to 10 - weeks
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to 12 - weeks
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up to 3 months
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Enumerate diseases, what are necessary to differentiate with flu first of all:
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escherichiosis;
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chicken-pox;
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*meningococcal infection;
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rhinoviral infection;
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rotaviral infection.
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What is the source of infection at parainfluenza?
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*Patient with parainfluenza.
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Patient with parainfluenza and carrier.
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People and animals sick with parainfluenza.
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Sick animals and birds.
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Sick people and birds.
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Etiotropic therapy of viral infection in the acute bronchitis is more effective when it is given:
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*in the first 2 days of illness
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no effective
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for 5-7 days
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throughout the disease
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everything is correct
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For the specific prophylaxis of influenza is used:
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remantadin.
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antibiotics.
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chemotherapy.
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*vaccines.
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influenza immuneglobulin.
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How long does immunity to the influenza A Н1N1 last?
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14 - 21 day
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1 - 2 months
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*1 - 2 years
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3 - 5 years
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during all the life
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How long does immunity to the influenza С last?
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*during all the life
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3 - 5 years
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1 - 2 years
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2 - 4 weeks
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10 - 21 day
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How long will last the immunity to the influenza B virus?
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14 - 21 day
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1 - 2 months
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1 - 2 years
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*3 - 5 years
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during all the life
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How many times must the titre of antibodies with paired sera grow, to prove the previous result?
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2 times
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2.5 times
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3 times
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3.5 times
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*4 times and more
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What serological method could be used for influenza diagnostic?
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*Braked hemagglutination reaction
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Binding complement reaction
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Indirect hemagglutination reaction
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Neutralization reaction
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Direct hemagglutination reaction
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The type of influenza virus could be determined by:
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agglutination reaction
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indirect hemagglutination reaction
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precipitation reaction
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*complement binding reaction
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hemagglutination reaction
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In acute obstructive bronchitis, auscultation reveals:
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*dry rales, medium bubbling rales on inspiration, expiration is lengthened
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weakened breathing
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prolonged expiration
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small bubbling rales diffusely
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everything is correct
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In the treatment of acute bronchitis postural drainage is better to use:
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*after awakening
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after breakfast
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in the afternoon
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at bedtime
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everything is wrong
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In what age group bronchitis is more frequent?
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*preschoolers
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infants
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newborns
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toddlers
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everything is correct
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What medicine has etiological action on the flu virus:
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cocarboxylasa;
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interferon;
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ascorutin;
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*rhemantadin;
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DNA-asum.
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Indicate the criteria of the compensated croup:
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*dyspnea occurs at the physical exertion
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aphonia;
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subnormal body temperature;
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stable tachycardia, arrhythmia;
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perioral cyanosis.
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Indicate the criteria of the subcompensated croup:
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dyspnea at the physical exertion;
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*tachycardia, fall of pulse wave on inspiration;
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absence of intercostal spaces frictions;
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skin pallor;
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high body temperature
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Indicate the main clinical features of flu in infants:
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subfebrile body temperature
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croup syndrome;
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*hyperthermia;
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heart damage;
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expressed catarrhal signs.
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A community-acquired pneumonia in children from 6 months to 6 years is mostly caused by:
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*Pneumococcus
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Mycoplasma
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Chlamydia
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