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Lesson 9. Pronoun 1.( Personal / Possessive pronouns)
Vocabulary: Describing a Place
Personal pronouns( Kishilik olmoshlari)
Kishilik olmoshlari har doim olmosh-ot bo‘lib keladi. Bosh kelishik (the Nominative Case) va obyekt kelishigi (the Objective Case).
Shaxs
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Bosh kelishik
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Obyekt kelishigi
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I
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Birlikda
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Birlikda
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II
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I – men
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Me
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III
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—
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—
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He
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Him
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she u
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Her
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It
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It
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Ko‘plikda
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Ko‘plikda
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I
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We- biz
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Us
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II
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you - siz
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You
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III
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they – ular
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Them
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Bosh kelishikdagi kishilik olmoshlari gapda ega va ot kesim tarkibida keladi:
I saw that picture (ega). Men u suratni ko‘rdim.
It is I (he, we va h.k.). Bu men (u, biz va h.k.).
Izoh:Og‘zaki nutqda ot kesim tarkibida kishilik olmoshining obyektiv kelishikdagi shakli ham uchraydi: it’s me (him, us). It’s me shakli ayniqsa ko‘proq uchraydi.
I olmoshi har doim bosh harf bilan yoziladi. I olmoshi boshqa olmoshlar yoki otlar bilan birga kelganda, har doim ulardan keyin ishlatiladi:
You and I (yoki: he and I) must Siz bilan men (yoki: u bilan men)
be there at seven o’clock. soat yettida u yerda bo‘lishimiz kerak.
My brother and I will help you. Akam bilan men Sizga yordam
He u olmoshi erkaklarga nisbatan, she u xotin-qizlarga nisbatan, it u jonsiz buyumlarga va hayvonlarga nisbatan ishlatiladi:
Peter is an engineer.
He works at a factory Piter — muhandis. U zavodda ishlaydi
Where is Helen? — She is in the garden.
The chair is broken. It is broken.
The book is on the shelf. It is on the shelf.
The window is open. It is open.
The cat is under the table. It is un¬der the table.
3.They ular olmoshi III shaxs ko‘plik uchun ishlatiladi:
The students are in the corridor. Talabalar koridorda.
They are in the corridor. Ular koridorda.
The documents are on the table. Hujjatlar stol ustida.
They are on the table. Ular stol ustida.
4. You Siz, sen olmoshi II shaxs birlik va ko‘plik uchun ishlatiladi:
Children, where are you? Bolalar, qyerdasiz?
Mary, where are you? Meri, qayerdasan?
O‘zbek tilidagi sen olmoshiga to‘g‘ri keladigan thou (thee) olmoshi hozir og‘zaki nutqda ham, adabiyotda ham ishlatilmaydi, u faqat ko‘tarinki ruhda yozilgan she’riyatda va nasrda uchrashi mumkin.
5.Obyektiv kelishikdagi kishilik olmoshlari gapda vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:
He saw me in the street. U meni ko‘chada ko‘rdi.
I met them at the station. Men ularni stansiyada uchratdim.
Obyektiv kelishikdagi kishilik olmoshlari istagan predlog bilan kelishi mumkin va gapda to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:
He showed the picture to her and not to me.
U suratni unga ko‘rsatdi, menga emas.
The article was translated by her and not by them.
Maqola ular tomonidan emas, u tomonidan tarjima qilingan
This pen is bad. I cannot write with it.
Bu ruchka yomon. Men u bilan yozaolmayman
This letter is for you.-Bu xat sizga
I have read about it. –Men u haqida o’qidim
I quite agree with you.- Men sziga to’liq qo’shilaman.
I have received a letter from her.-Men undan xat oldim
Exercise 1.Complete the sentences with the correct subject and object pronouns.
1. Jack loves Janey. He loves her very much.
2. Janey loves Jack. loves very much.
3. Janey and Jack love their daughter, Mia._____ love very much.
Janey and Jack love their son, Todd. love very much.
Todd loves his little sister, Mia. loves very much.
Janey loves her children. loves very much.
Jack loves his children. loves very much.
Janey and Jack love Todd and Mia. love very much.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answers.
1. Rita has a book. (She)/ It bought her/she last week.
2. I know the new students, but Franco doesn’t know him / them yet.
3. Where are my keys? Are they / them in your purse?
4. Ary is in Canada. She / Her is studying at a university.
5. Bert lives in my dorm. I eat breakfast with he / him every morning.
6. Sandra is my neighbor. I talk to she / her every day. She / Her and I / me have interesting conversations.
7. I have two pictures on my bedroom wall. I like it / them. It / They are beautiful.
8. Zola and I have a dinner invitation. Mr. and Mrs. Soto want we / us to come to dinner at their house.
9. Min has a new car. He / It is a convertible.
10. My husband and I have a new car. We / Us got it / him last month.
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