17.5
Efficiency
Efficiency is simply defined for an energy conversion process as how
much is obtained compared to how much was expended. For example,
in a gas-fired hot water boiler, of every unit of fuel burned, approxi-
mately 80 to 90 percent is transferred to the circulated hot water while
10 to 20 percent goes up the chimney as products of combustion and
uncaptured heat. The efficiency of the boiler is 80 to 90 percent.
Note that a heat transfer process in a heat exchanger does not uti-
lize the word
efficiency.
All the heat taken from one side of the ex-
changer winds up on the other side. Even if the exchanger is fouled,
there is an energy balance. However, a fouled exchanger will not
transfer as much heat as a clean one. A comparison of fouled capacity
to clean capacity is sometimes called
efficacy,
or effectiveness, but not
efficiency
.
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