Chapter hvac engineering Fundamentals: Part 1 Introduction



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Bog'liq
HVAC HANDBOOK

397
Chapter
12
Electrical Features
of HVAC Systems
12.1
Introduction
While most HVAC designers will have the support of a competent elec-
trical design staff, it is important to understand certain fundamentals
of electricity, power distribution, and utilization, because so many
HVAC system devices are mechanically driven and controlled. This
book cannot present electrical topics in great detail, but it can address
several common topics and refer to more definitive works.
12.2
Fundamentals of Electric Power
Electricity is basically electrons in motion. Electromotive forces cause
free or loosely bound electrons to move along or through a medium.
Materials such as aluminum, copper, silver, and gold allow electrons
to move freely and are called
conductors.
Materials such as porcelain,
glass, rubber, plastics, and oils resist electron movement and are
called
insulators.
Forces that move electrons are magnetic. Moving a conductive wire
in a way that cuts across a magnetic field induces a force or voltage
in the wire. If there is a path for the electrons to follow, a flow will be
established. The strength of the motive force is defined in volts, and
the magnitude of the current is measured in amperes. The
resistance
to current flow is analogous to the friction loss of water flowing
through a pipe. Voltage, current, and resistance are related to each
other in the Ohm’s law equation
E

IR
(12.1)
Source: HVAC Systems Design Handbook
Downloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill (www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com)
Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved.
Any use is subject to the Terms of Use as given at the website.



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