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CAMBRIDGE IELTS 8 – TEST 4 – PASSAGE 3
COLLECTING ANT SPECIMENS
CAMBRIDGE IELTS 9 READING – TEST 1 –
ANSWERS
WILLIAM HENRY PERKIN
QUESTIONS 1-7: DO THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AGREE
WITH THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN READING PASSAGE 1 ?
1. MICHAEL FARADAY WAS THE FIRST PERSON TO RECOGNISE
PERKIN‟S ABILITY AS A STUDENT OF CHEMISTRY.
Keywords: first, Michael Faraday, Perkin‟s ability, chemistry
In paragraph 2, the writer indicates that “His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his
teacher [at the City of London school] Thomas Hall….” So Thomas Hall was the first person to
recognise Perkin‟s ability in chemistry, and this teacher encouraged Perkin to attend lectures b
y Faraday. “Those speeches (by Michael Faraday) fired the young chemist‟s enthusiasm further”,
=>ANSWER: FALSE.
2.MICHAEL FARADAY SUGGESTED PERKIN SHOULD ENROLL IN THE
ROYAL COLLEGE OF CHEMISTRY.
Keywords: should enroll
187
At the end of paragraph 2, the writer argues that “he later went on to attend the Royal College of
Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.” So, who advised Perki
n to enroll in the Royal College of Chemistry is NOT GIVEN.
=>ANSWER: NOT GIVEN
3. PERKIN EMPLOYED AUGUST WILHELM HOFMANN AS HIS
ASSISTANT
Keywords: August Wilhelm Hofmann, employed, assistant
In paragraph 3, the writer says that “At the time of Perkin‟s enrolment, the Royal College of
Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin‟s scien
tific
gifts soon caught Hofmann‟s attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann‟s youngest
assistant.” This means Hofmann employed Perkin as his assistant. So, the statement is FALSE.
=>ANSWER: FALSE
4. PERKIN WAS STILL YOUNG WHEN HE MADE THE DISCOVERY THAT
MADE HIM RICH AND FAMOUS
Keywords: young, discovery, rich and famous.
At the end of paragraph 3, the writer says that “Perkin‟s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann
‟s attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann‟s youngest assistant.Not long after that, Perkin
made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.” This means that when
making the scientific discovery, Perkin was still young.
– famous (a) – fame (n)
– rich(a) – fortune (n)
– discovery – scientific breakthrough
=>ANSWER: TRUE
5. THE TREES FROM WHICH QUININE IS DERIVED GROW ONLY IN
SOUTH AMERICA.
Keywords: quinine, derived, only in South America
In paragraph 4, “At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. The drug
is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America.” This means that the
cinchona trees originate in South America; therefore, whether they grow only in South America is not
mentioned.
=>ANSWER: NOT GIVEN
188
6. PERKIN HOPED TO MANUFACTURE A DRUG FROM A COAL TAR
WASTE PRODUCT.
Keywords: drug, coal tar waste product.
In paragraph 5, the writer argues that “He (Perkin) was attempting to manufacture quinine from
aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product.”So, the statement is TRUE.
– a drug ~ quinine (the only viable medical treatment for malaria)
=>ANSWER: TRUE
7. PERKIN WAS INSPIRED BY THE DISCOVERIES OF THE FAMOUS
SCIENTIST LOUIS PASTEUR.
Keywords: inspired, Louis Pasteur
At the end of paragraph 5, the writer indicates that “And, proving the truth of the famous scientist
Louis Pasteur‟s words „chances favours only the prepared mind‟, Perkin saw the potential of h
is
unexpected find.” So, whether Perkin was inspired by Louis Pasteur‟s discoveries or not is no
t mentioned.
=>ANSWER: NOT GIVEN
QUESTIONS 8-13: ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW.
8. BEFORE PERKIN‟S DISCOVERY,WITH WHAT GROUP IN SOCIETY
WAS THE COLOUR PURPLE ASSOCIATED?
Keywords: what group, purple associated?
In paragraph 6, the writer argues that “Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so
costly that in society at the time, only the rich could afford it.” So, before Perkin‟s discovery, the
colour purple was associated with the rich.
=>ANSWER: the rich
9. WHAT POTENTIAL DID PERKIN IMMEDIATELY UNDERSTAND THAT
HIS NEW DYE HAD?
Keywords: potential, new dye
At the end of paragraph 7, the writer says that “But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perki
n‟s
reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commerc
ial possibilities.” This means that Perkin immediately
understood that his new dye had the potential of being sold commercially.
– potential=possibilities
189
– immediately= nearly instant
– understand = recognise (recognition(n))
=>ANSWER: commercial (possibilities)
10.WHAT WAS THE NAME FINALLY USED TO REFER TO THE FIRST
COLOUR PERKIN INVENTED?
Keywords: finally, name, first colour
In paragraph 7, it is stated that his purple colour became “the world‟s first synthetic dye”. I
n
paragraph 8, the writer argues that “Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later
became commonly known as mauve.” This means that “mauve” was finally used to refer to the first
colour Perkin invented.
=>ANSWER: mauve
11. WHAT WAS THE NAME OF THE PERSON PERKIN CONSULTED
BEFORE SETTING UP HIS OWN DYE WORKS?
Keywords: name, person
In paragraph 8, “He (Perkin) asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who
assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast and the cost
was relatively low.” This means that Perkin consulted Robert Pullar before setting up his own
dye works.
– consulted=asked advice
=>ANSWER: Robert Pullar
12. IN WHAT COUNTRY DID PERKIN‟S NEWLY INVENTED COLOUR
FIRST BECOME FASHIONABLE?
Keywords: country, fashionable
In paragraph 9, “Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of
London‟s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world‟s first synthetically dyed
material in 1857. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugénie of
France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade
for all the fashionable ladies in that country (France).” This means that Perkin‟s newly invente
d colour first became fashionable in France.
=>ANSWER: France
13.ACCORDING TO THE PASSAGE, WHICH DISEASE IS NOW BEING
TARGETED BY RESEARCHERS USING SYNTHETIC DYES?
Keywords: disease, researchers, using synthetic dyes
190
At the end of paragraph 10, the writer argues that “And, in what would have been particularl
y pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the research for a vaccine against malaria.” This means that
malaria is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes.
– now=current
=>ANSWER: Malaria
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