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6. IN FACT, THE SENSATION IS MORE SIMILAR TO THE WAY IN
WHICH PAIN FROM A ….ARM OR LEG MIGHT BE FELT.
Keywords:
sensation, similar, pain , arm or leg
In line 6 (paragraph D), the writer states : ” Experiments showed that, infact, facial vision is nothing to
do with touch or the front of the face, although the sensation maybe referred to the sensation to
the front of the face, like the referred pain in a phantom limb.”
– similar to=like
– leg/arm=limb
We need an adjective/ noun to modify “arm or leg “. In addition.” pain from a…arm or leg ” is
corresponding to ” pain in a phantom limb” in the text, adding that we see no ” arm” or “leg ” in the
text. So it can be inferred that “arm or leg” = limb, and we need ” phantom” to fill the gap.
=> ANSWER:
Phantom
7. THE ABILITY ACTUALLY COMES FROM PERCEIVING … THROUGH
EARS.
Keywords : ability, actually, perceiving, through ears
In the next sentence, the writer says : ” The sensation of facial vision, it turns out , really goes in
through the ears.Blind people, without even being aware of the fact, are actually using echoes of their
own footsteps…” This means that
the sensation of facial vision, in fact, comes from using echoes
through one‟s ears. ” The ability” refers to ” the sensation of facial vision” .
=> ANSWER: echoes
8. HOWEVER, EVEN BEFORE THIS WAS UNDERSTOOD, THE PRINCIPLE
HAS BEEN APPLIED IN THE DESIGN OF INSTRUMENTS WHICH
CALCULATED THE… OF THE SEABED.
Keywords : principle,instruments, calculated, seabed
In the next sentence, the writer explains : ” Before this was discovered, engineers
had already built
instruments to exploit the principle, for example, to measure the depth of the sea under a ship.”
+ understood = discovered
+ calculate = measure
+ seabed = sea under a ship : the floor of the sea/ocean
=> ANSWER: depth
9. THIS WAS FOLLOWED BY A WARTIME APPLICATION IN DEVICES
FOR FINDING …
Keywords: wartime application, devices, finding
In the next sentence, the writer says : ” After this technique
had been invented, it was only a matter of
time before weapons designers adapted it for the detection of submarines.”
+ this was followed = after
+ wartime application= weapons designers adapted it
+ finding = detection
=> ANSWER: submarines
QUESTIONS 10-13
10. LONG BEFORE THE INVENTION OF RADAR,…. HAD RESULTED IN
A SOPHISTICATED RADAR-LIKE SYSTEM IN BATS.
95
Keywords: Long before,invention, resulted in, in bats
In paragraph E, the first sentence, the writer says : ” The Sonar and Radar pioneers didn‟t know it
then, but all the
world now knows that bats, or rather natural selection working on bats, had perfected
the system tens of millions of years earlier, and their ” radar ” achieves feats of detection
and navigation that would strike an engineer dumb with admiration. ” This means bats have a radar-
like system due to natural selection.
+ the Sonar and Radar pioneers refer to the inventors of radar, corresponding to ” the invention of
radar”
+ tens of millions of years earlier =
long before
+ sophisticated= clever and complicated in the way that it works or is presented
+ “natural selection perfected the system” ,so we can infer that the system was “sophisticated”
+ the writer puts “radar ” in quotation marks, indicating that the system is “radar-like”
=> ANSWER: natural selection
11. RADAR IS AN INACCURATE TERM WHEN REFERRING TO BATS
BECAUSE … ARE NOT USED IN THEIR NAVIGATION SYSTEM.
Keywords: inaccurate, referring to bats, navigation system
In paragraph E, the writer argues : ” It is technically incorrect to talk about bat ” radar”, since they do
not use radio waves.
This means that bats actually don‟t
have radar, because they do not use radio waves, while radar does.
+ inaccurate= incorrect
+ referring to = talk about
+ because =since
=> ANSWER: radio waves
12. RADAR AND SONAR ARE BASED ON SIMILAR….
Keywords: radar and sonar, based, similar
In paragraph E, the writersays : ” But the underlying mathematical theories of radar and sonar are very
similar,…”
This means that radar and sonar are based on mathematical theories which are almost the same. So it
can be inferred that radar and sonar are based on similar
mathematical theories
+ underlying = basic, fundamental
=> ANSWER: mathematical theories
13.THE WORD ” ECHOLOCATION ” WAS FIRST USED BY SOMEONE
WORKING AS A …
Keywords: echolocation, first, someone
In paragraph E, the writer says: ” The American zoologistDonald Griffin,
who was largely responsible
for the …, coined the term ” echolocation” to cover both sonar and radar,…”
+ first used=coined
=> ANSWER: zoologist
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