C# 0 The Complete Reference

ob2

 is a clone of 

ob1

, but 

ob1

 and 

ob2

 are completely separate objects. 

Changing one does not affect the other. This is accomplished by constructing a new 

Test

object, which allocates a new 

X

 object for the copy. The new 

X

 instance is given the same 

value as the 

X

 object in the original.

To implement a shallow copy, simply have 

Clone( )

 call 

MemberwiseClone( )

 defined 

by

Object

. For example, try changing 

Clone( )

 in the preceding program as shown here:

// Make a shallow copy of the invoking object.

public object Clone() {

  Test temp = (Test) MemberwiseClone();

  return temp;

}

After making this change, the output of the program will look like this:

ob1 values are o.a: 10, b: 20

Make ob2 a clone of ob1.

ob2 values are o.a: 10, b: 20

Changing ob1.o.a to 99 and ob1.b to 88.

ob1 values are o.a: 99, b: 88

ob2 values are o.a: 99, b: 20

Notice that