Branches of linguistics. Synchronic vs diachronic approaches to the language study. Lexicology – ‘the science of the word’ Lexicon

A bilingual (translation) dictionary is a word-book containing vocabulary items in one language and their equivalents in another language, e.g. N. I. Balla Modern English-Ukrainian Dictionary.

A polyglot (multilingual) dictionary is dictionary in which information is given in several languages (more than two), e.g. ABBYY Lingvo 10 багатомовна електронна версія.

A general dictionary represents vocabulary as a whole. Some of these dictionaries may have very specific aims and still be considered general due to their coverage. They include:

-a pronouncing dictionary is a dictionary recording contemporary pronunciation, e.g. Jones D. Everyman’s English Pronouncing Dictionary;

-a rhyming dictionary is a list of words in which headwords are arranged in alphabetical order starting with their final letters, e.g. Walker’s Rhyming Dictionary of the English Language;

-a frequency dictionary is a list of words, each followed by a record of its frequency of occurrence in one or several sets of reading matter;

-a dictionary of spelling records contemporary spelling, e.g. Maxwell C. The Pengamon Oxford Dictionary of Perfect Spelling;

-a pictorial dictionary contains graphic illustrations to all topics, e.g. The Oxford-Duden Pictorial English Dictionary.