Big data in human resource management

BIG DATA IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
А. О. Utepbergenov
Sain-Petersburg state university, department of Human resource management
ANNOTATION. An analysis of the prospects of development of BIG DATA in human resource management, based on big data analysis technologies. Shows the possibility of using Big Data technologies to improve human resource management productivity.
KEY WORDS: Big Data technologies, innovation, platforms, scope, risks and prospects of application of big data.
INTRODUCTION
Big data has become a valuable resource for companies, it means a new approach and methodology for managing employee data and numerous opportunities for HR management. The field of big data analytics-based HR brings new opportunities for more effective hiring, talent management, retention and workforce optimization. In the age of digitalization, organizations need to embrace modern technology to remain successful.
LITERATURE REVIEW
HRM theorists have considered sets of HRM practices either individually or as systems (Combs, Liu, Hall, & Ketchen, 2006), divided into two sections. The first, "HR Research and Practice," brings together articles that discuss in general terms the use of BD in HRM. The second includes high-impact work practice systems (Huselid, 1995) in which BD approaches have been applied. These are selection and recruitment; assessment and development; information, training, and knowledge; and strategy, efficiency, and effectiveness.
Structured data have a predetermined format. Semi-structured or loosely structured data are data often collected from a variety of sources. The structure of the data is documented, but depending on the source of the data, the specific format in which the information is presented may vary[1].
Since the term is English-language, it is logical to begin the review with authoritative English-language dictionaries and resources. In June 2013. The Oxford English Dictionary added a definition of "big data" [2], which can be translated as follows:
"Data of very large size, generally in the sense that it presents serious logistical difficulties in manipulating and managing it; the direction of computing using this type of data" [3].
What is interesting, the website oxforddictionaries.com, which focuses on current, relevant word meanings and practical usage, gives the following definition of "big data": "Very large data sets that can be analyzed using computers to reveal patterns, trends and relationships, especially with respect to human behavior and interactions" [4]. In the Russian segment of the Internet there is a popular version that the term "big data" was coined by the editor of the scientific journal "Nature" Clifford Lynch in a special issue of September 3, 2008, devoted to the dramatic growth of the volume of information [5]. He included any arrays of heterogeneous data over 150 GB per day[6]. This version has appeared and been reproduced in articles (including scientific ones) [7], [8] and business presentations since Open Systems. DBMS" since 2011[9]. The inclusion of this version in Russian-language Wikipedia article about "big data" [10] may also have contributed to the dissemination of information. However, even the most superficial analysis refers to earlier references. Thus, while the Russian version of Wikipedia is mentioned, its English version refers to John Mashey, computer scientist, who popularized the term in the 1990s [11].
Digital and economic experts agree that the labor market will be significantly affected by digitalization in the coming decades. The McKinsey Global Institute estimates that up to 50% of the world's work processes will be automated by 2036. This will lead to a significant release of personnel, a reduction in the number of jobs requiring average qualifications, and an increase in the wage gap [12].