Белорусский государственный



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eumk teoreticheskaya fonetika 2014

Unrounded vowels
– vowels in the articulation of which the lips are not rounded /ɑ:; e; i:; 
ӕ/. 
Unstressed
– bearing no stress. 
Utterance
a spoken sentence or a phrase; it is the main communicative unit. It is 
characterized by semantic entity which is expressed by all the language means: lexical, grammatical 
and prosodic. 
Utterance stress
– See 
Sentence stress
. Utterance stress is a prosodic phenomenon of 
speech with a linguistic function of indicating the relative importance of various elements in an 
utterance. 
Uvula
– the end of the soft palate, which hangs down above the back of the tongue near the 
pharynx. 

Variations (“in stylistic variations”) – 
variations in the pronunciation of speech sounds
words and sentences peculiar to different styles of speech. 
Velar
– a place of articulation where the back of the tongue touches the velum or soft palate; 
consonants produced with the back part of the tongue raised towards the soft palate: velar nasal 
sonorant /ŋ/, velar stops /k, g/. 
Velaric airstream mechanism
– movement of mouth air by action of the tongue. Clicks are 
produced with a velaric airstream mechanism. 
Velarization
– a secondary articulation in which the back of the tongue is raised toward the 
soft palate. In many forms of English, syllable final [l] as in 
hill
is strongly velarized. In Russian the 
so-called ‘hard consonants’ are velarized and contrasted with the ‘soft consonants’ which are 
palatalized. 
Velum
– the soft, movable part of the palate at the back of the mouth. See 
soft
palate

Vibrator mechanism
– a group of speech organs which vibrate while the air passes 
through, thus producing voice, it includes larynx, vocal cords, glottis. 

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