Automotive Coatings Formulation: Chemistry, Physics und Practices



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Automotive Coatings Formulation Ulrich Poth - Chemistry, Physics und Practices (2008, Vincentz Network) - libgen.li

mid-1950s
, new organic pigments were 
launched onto the market which offered much greater lightfastness and resistance to chemicals 
and solvents. Such paint systems are still being used on mass-produced car bodies.
In the USA, the physically drying cellulose nitrate topcoats were partly replaced by topcoats con-
sisting of physically drying acrylic resins which offer better weathering resistance. This led to the 
development of topcoats containing acrylic resins that could be crosslinked by melamine resins. 
These competed against the alkyd resin topcoats used in Europe. In the 
early 1960s
, topcoats based 
on acrylic resins were also pigmented with aluminium pigments to yield metallic effects (one-coat 
metallics). These were followed in the late 1960s by so-called two-layer metallic topcoats, which 
offered optimised effects and resistance 
[39]
. These systems consisted of a metallic basecoat contain-
ing the effect pigments and a clearcoat providing the gloss, and mechanical and chemical resistance. 
Finally, various suppliers developed solvent-borne metallic basecoats that consisted of cellulose 
acetobutyrate, polyester, and amino resins. Special-effect basecoat-clearcoat systems gained a high 
market share that is still increasing. Further progress in coating systems is influenced by demands 
for optimised technical properties and for new colours and effects. However, a major factor in such 
progress is the avoidance of both VOC emissions and the use of harmful or toxic ingredients. This 
explains the evolution of high-solids, water-borne paints, also called 100 % systems, and powder coat-
ings. On account of the different technical requirements of the various geographical regions and the 
different legislation in the various countries, there are still a lot of different paint systems in the 
market. All these paint systems are described in the following chapters (Chapters 3.4 to 3.8).

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