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LESSON 21 
STAGES OF CLASSROOM INVESTIGATION (TEACHER PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION AND 
FORMULATING A REALISTIC RESEARCH QUESTION, ACTION PLANNING (CHOOSING 
APPROPRIATE DATA COLLECTION METHOD), DATA COLLECTION, DATA ANALYSIS. 
PART 2 
 
Interviews

The objective of interviews is to obtain information by actually talking to the subjects under study. 

Sometimes, it is also necessary to ask the students questions about the classrooms events either in an individual 
face to face situation or to the whole group of students. Perhaps the two main disadvatages are that individual 
interviews are a) time consuming and b) they often introduce subjective and biased information, given that 
interviewees often say what they think that will please the interviewer (see Appendix 2.9). 
Besides that, certain covert variables (e.g. attitudes, prejudices, interests, needs analysis, learning 
strategies, motivation, etc.) cannot be fully studied unless we interview the subjects involved in the research 
work and collect information about their beliefs, feelings and opinions. According to the degree of explicitness 
and structure, interviews can be “open” and “semi-open or “semi-structured”. 
a)
Open interviews
provide the interviewee with very open questions which allow a great freedom of 
expression to give the answers. Very often, they are carried out through informal talks about the topics 
under study. 
b)
Semi-open 
interviews provide some core questions predetermined in advance but the 
subjects interviewed still feel quite free to answer them. 
c)
Semi-structured
interviews consists of specific and defined questions determined beforehand but tyhey 
allow some ellaboration in the questions and answers. 
d)
Structured 
interviews include very specific close questions that require very specific answers. 
In general, semi-structured and structured interviews need some kind of interview schedule, checklist 
or questionnaire which presents the questions to be asked and the topics to be discussed with some space for 
the interviewer to write down the answers.