«MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS»
SCIENCECENTRUM.PL
ISSUE 4(38) PART 1
ISBN 978-83-949403-3-1
117
First scientific educational technology was created by Jan Amos Comenius (1592- 1670).
he formulated the essential idea of this technology which is the guarantee of a positive
outcome. the main objective of realization of the idea, as Comenius considered Kuma was the
establishment of a mechanism for learning, calling it a “didactic machine”.
In short, his idea can be shaped as the following:
and eat can beat the core of any technology; he tried to find a general procedure of
training when there is nothing needed but “skillful distribution of time, subjects and methods”.
Since the times of Comenius there were attempts to organize education in the way of
a streamlined mechanism and “technologize” educational process. Until the mid-1950s these
attempts were largely focused on the use of various technical means of training that is
computers, radio and others. [2, 68]
The analysis of literature concerning the place of technology in pedagogy let us notice
that scientists, for example M. Kh. Melson, did not find ‘technology’ suitable for Pedagogy
seeing ‘technology’ to characterize the processes in Industry that is a definite way of production
(formed by combination and sequence of application of methods) of product, based on the use
of technical or any other means of production of the human management. [3, 03] And if we
transfer the meaning of the term ‘technology’ in Pedagogy, then under
education technology
we will understand a certain
way of training, in which the main load for the implementation of
the educating function is on learning tools under human management
. In other words, coma
means of learning take the main place in educational technology. In technology application, a
teacher is not teaching students, but performing the function of management of the tool for
learning, also the function of stimulating and coordinating the activities of the students. So, as
we see, learning tools play the main role in educational technologies.
In the 1960s the term ‘educational technology’ was introduced for the first time and
this time
programmed learning
appears. Its characteristic features were clarification of
educational goals and sequential element was procedure for reaching those goals. [4, 158] In
the 60s programmed learning became the starting point to transition to technological
understanding of fully programmed learning processes. At the same time there was a demand
to implement the program sequentially and not in a fragmented way.
In the 1970s the approach in teaching let solve the didactic problems, which were
complying with specified objectives, and reaching them was to be accurately described and
defined.
Systematic approach lies at the heart of any educational technology. In 1970-1980s
educational technology spread practically all over the countries having received recognition by
UNESCO.
The implementation of technological approach informing Learning Systems has many
examples from the past: this system individually prescribed education established in the mid-
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