156
V b
0 b. Ekologiya a s o s la r i.............................................................................................
158
25-§. Ekologiya fani va uning vazifalari. 0 ‘rganish u su llari.............................
160
26-§. Abiotik omillar. Iqlim o m illa r i.......................................................................
165
27-§. Abiotik omillar. Tuproq va topografik omillar. Tabiatdagi mavsumiylik 171
28-§. Muhitning biotik omillari
.........................................................................
176
29-§. Tur va populyatsiyaning ekologik ta’r i f i......................................................
180
30
-§. Turiarni muhofaza q ilis h ..................................................................................
185
31-§. Biogeotsenozlar va ularning xususiyatlari. Oziq zanjirlari va ekologik
piram idalar.............................................................................................................. 190
32-§. Tabiiy va sun’iy ekosistem alar........................................................................
197
33-§. Inson ek o lo g iy a si................................................................................................
204
Atamalar lu g 'a ti
............................................................................................................... 209
VI b
0 b. Biosfera va uning e v o lu tsiy a si....................................................................
211
34-§. Biosfera chegaralari, tarkibi, funksiyalari, b iom assasi............................. 212
35-§. Biosferada moddalar va energiyaning aylanishi. Biogen migratsiya . . 219
36-§. Biosfera evolutsiyasi. Biogenez. N oogenez. N o o sfe r a ............................. 225
37-§. Insonning biosferaga ta’siri. Biosferani himoya qilish muammolari . . 230
Atamalar lu g 'a ti
............................................................................................................... 236
239
A b d u k arim ov A b d u sattor
G 'o fu r o v A kbar T a la so v ic h ,
N is h o n b o y e v K urash N is h o n b o y e v ic h ,
H a m id o v Ja h o n g ir H a k im o v ic h ,
T o s h m u h a m e d o v B ek jon O y b ek o v ich ,
E sh o n q u lo v O rtiq E sh b o y e v ic h
BIOLOGIYA
A kadem ik litsey, kasb-h u n ar kollejlari uchun darslik
Beshinchi nashr
«Sharq» nashriryot-m atbaa
aksiyadorlik kom paniyasi
B osh tahririyati
Toshkent — 2010
Muharrir
Ulug' Bek
Badiiy muharrir
Tolib Qanoatov
Texnik muharrir
Diana Gabdraxmanova
Komp>oiterda sahifalovchi
Masiura Atxamova
Musahhihlar:
J. Toirova, M. Ziyamuhamedova
2010-yil 4-Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |