A world Without Email: Reimagining Work in an Age of Communication Overload

Conclusion: The Twenty-First-Century Moonshot
1
. Neil Postman, “Five Things We Need to Know about Technological Change” (talk
delivered in Denver, CO, March 28, 1998),
https://web.cs.ucdavis.edu/~rogaway/classes/188/materials/postman.pdf
.

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Index
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided
will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward from that
location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
“A Low-Fi Solution to E-mail Overload” (Davidson), 
206
A. M. Turing Award, 
81
ABC Method, 
56
academic sector, 
xxi
, 
7
–8
automatic production processes of, 
172
–75
bulk email and, 
250
computer revolution impact on, 
216
different email addresses and, 
255
lack of specialization in, 
219
meeting schedule protocols of, 
191
–92
office hours, protocols of, 
194
–95
overwhelmed by service obligations, 
239
–43
and peer review requests, 
242
–43
production process thinking and, 
141
short-message protocols for, 
205
–8
status meeting protocols for, 
187
, 
208
–13
task boards used by, 
131
–33, 
166
–69
and working in sprints, 
238
Acharya, Nish, 
xi
–xvi, 
30
–31
Acuity, 
191
–92
administrative work
and academic sector, 
xxi
, 
25
, 
173
–74, 
219
, 
242
–43
email used for, 
13
, 
107
hire an assistant for, 
230
–31
hyperactive hive mind and, 
25
, 
27
–28
“minders” and, 
25
–28
separated from specialized work, 
104
, 
217
–18, 
247
, 
254
–55
simulate support staff for, 
254
–56
support staff for, 
218
–19, 
246
–56
Adobe, 
xvii
Aerospace Industries Association, 
67

---

Agam, Aviad, 
84
–85
Age of Reason, 
74
agile methodologies
complex projects and, 
156
, 
164
explanation of, 
156
–58
for software development, 
155
–57, 
163
, 
222
, 
234
–35
and using task boards, 
157
–58, 
160
–61, 
209
See also 
Kanban
; 
Scrum
Alex (healthcare executive), 
153
–55
Alexa, 
252
algorithms, 
42
, 
47
, 
79
, 
81
Allen, David, 
56
–58, 
255
Alphabet, 
235
Amazon, 
81
Amtel, 
67
Amusing Ourselves to Death (Postman), 
73
–74
Anderson, Chris, 
xvi
Angelou, Maya, 
28
–29
approval indicators, 
74
–75
Armonk, New York, 
69
–70
artificial intelligence (AI), 
188
, 
190
Asana, 
154
–55
assembly lines, 
99
–100, 
103
, 
108
, 
116
–21, 
126
attention capital principle, 
142
, 
194
, 
252
advantages of, 
121
assembly lines and, 
119
–21
autonomy of workers and, 
109
–12, 
118
, 
121
best practices for, 
104
, 
108
–9
case studies for, 
104
–8, 
120
communication overload and, 
112
–14
don’t fear inconveniences of, 
115
–19
explanation of, 
xix
–xxi, 
103
–4, 
259
–60
generating value from, 
110
–12
getting the most out of, 
143
for groups vs. individuals, 
133
–34
mid-task context switches and, 
112
–14
and other’s expectations, 
124
, 
127
–31
putting it into action, 
124
, 
127
, 
133
–34
attention switching, 
113
, 
138
, 
145
average times of, 
8
, 
11
, 
58
cognitive costs of, 
14
–20, 
29
, 
112
, 
255
email and, 
17
, 
107
–8
psychological impacts of, 
16
–18
Australia, 
9
, 
13
automakers, 
108
, 
112
. See also 
Ford Motor Company
; 
General Motors
autonomy
and budgeting of time/attention, 
244
Drucker on, 
xix
, 
90
, 
109
–11, 
121
, 
126
, 
141
, 
259
of knowledge workers, 
89
–92, 
109
–12, 
118
, 
152
, 
259
and outsourcing tasks, 
230
–31

---

trading accountability for, 
231
–34
in the workplace, 
227
autoresponders, 
46
, 
128
–29, 
131
, 
133
, 
237
Babcock, Linda, 
245
baboons, study of, 
47
–49
Barkai, Ran, 
84
–85
Basecamp, 
195
–97
Battle of Poitiers, 
72
Behemoth (Freeman, Joshua), 
119
Bell Labs, 
180
Benson, Jim, 
163
–66
Benz, Karl, 
97
Bethlehem Steel, 
139
Boden, Deirdre, 
14
Boston Consulting Group, 
37
, 
83
Boston Globe, The, 
196
“Boxed In by Your Inbox,” 
24
BrainQuicken, 
201
Brookings Institution, 
216
Brunner, Heinrich, 
71
–72
burnout, 
4
, 
22
, 
31
, 
35
, 
39
, 
112
, 
114
business sector, 
68
, 
102
, 
109
, 
122
–23, 
135
–36, 
184
–86, 
216
business thinkers, 
81
, 
88
–89, 
118
busyness, 
xiv
, 
226
controlling it/reducing it, 
145
, 
227
–28, 
233
, 
238
epidemic of, 
58
–59, 
61
, 
258
Calendly, 
192
capital, 
100
–3, 
121
, 
138
, 
232
, 
259
–60. See also 
attention capital principle
Carnegie Mellon University, 
245
Carolingian Empire, 
71
–73, 
77
Carpenter, Sam, 
121
–27
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 
63
–65
CEOs, 
xx
–xxi, 
29
–30, 
89
, 
140
, 
188
, 
201
, 
254
, 
259
Chaplin, Charlie, 
120
–21
Chronicle of Higher Education, The, 
219
, 
239
clients, 
13
, 
92
, 
171
attention capital principle and, 
124
cycle of responsiveness and, 
83
and email use, 
149
, 
184
–86, 
200
firing them, 
201
meeting in-person with, 
54
–55
overwhelming communication with, 
122
, 
199
protocols for, 
32
–33, 
184
–86, 
197
–201, 
204
restricting access of, 
32
–33, 
187
, 
223
Trello boards and, 
106
–7, 
159
and working in sprints, 
238
–39
cognitive
costs, 
112
, 
184
–90, 
193
, 
197
, 
200
–201, 
255

---

downtime, 
xiii
energy, 
173
–77, 
200
, 
211
performance, 
xviii
, 
xxi
, 
15
, 
18
–20, 
29
, 
108
, 
113
, 
190
, 
255
collaboration, 
xviii
, 
6
, 
163
, 
241
dynamics of, 
84
–88
and email use, 
81
–82
history of, 
84
–87
hyperactive hive mind approach to, 
16
, 
43
, 
51
on new workflows, 
125
–27, 
133
–34
online tools for, 
105
–8, 
147
–48
processes of, 
47
–51
studies of, 
49
–51
Columbia Pictures, 
67
commons, tragedy of the, 
91
–92
communication
asynchronous, 
64
–65, 
68
–69, 
77
–82, 
104
, 
149
, 
208
, 
249
and coordination protocols, 
186
–87
debt, 
113
digital revolution in, 
179
–80
efficiency and, 
19
, 
105
before email, 
69
–71
“flipping the script” on, 
162
–63
history of, 
84
–87
improved protocols for, 
199
–201, 
204
, 
211
–12
in-person, 
54
–55, 
70
, 
78
, 
223
–26, 
248
–50
intra-office, 
63
–71
minimizing overload of, 
112
–14
minimizing time spent on, 
151
–52, 
174
–76
and protocol principle, 
180
–87
synchronous, 
64
–65, 
78
–79, 
81
–82
unscheduled, 
xvii
, 
xx
, 
147
, 
151
–52, 
173
unstructured, 
xvii
–xviii, 
84
–87, 
162
, 
203
, 
207
, 
220
, 
258
See also 
constant communication
communication consultants, 
200
–201, 
237
–38
Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS), 
202
–3
competitive
edge, 
xxi
, 
93
, 
220
marketplace, 
253
computer science, 
78
–81, 
166
, 
208
computer-supported collaborative work (CSCW), 
6
–9
computers
create more work, 
217
–18
fail to make us productive, 
215
–19
history of, 
25
–26, 
202
–3, 
215
–19
networks of, 
xi
–xiv, 
6
, 
66
–70, 
78
–82, 
183
personal, 
67
–68, 
215
–19, 
256
revolution in, 
14
, 
78
, 
180
, 
216
, 
247
time-sharing operating system for, 
202
–3
viruses on, 
xi
–xiv
concentration

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and creative types, 
28
–30
erosion of, 
27
–28
George Marshall’s commitment to, 
22
–25
hyperactive hive mind workflow and, 
29
–30
importance of, 
xv
, 
22
–25
undervaluing of, 
xiv
–xv
See also 
focus
Concept of the Corporation (Drucker), 
89
conferencing software, 
149
, 
161
Congo, Republic of, 
39
–42
constant communication, 
28
, 
69
advantages of, 
xiv
, 
14
, 
18
–20
culture of, 
xv
–xvi, 
37
, 
83
, 
261
cycle of responsiveness and, 
83
–84
disruptions caused by, 
xiv
–xv, 
4
, 
12
–13, 
31
, 
113
and high stress levels, 
36
–37
inefficiency of, 
4
–6
intertwined with work, 
xv
, 
xix
makers and, 
30
–31
overwhelmed by, 
104
–5, 
113
–14, 
227
, 
228
–29
reduction in, 
xx
, 
31
–33, 
37
slows down the brain, 
33
, 
112
“Constant, Constant, Multitasking Craziness” (Mark), 
7
–9
content management service (CMS), 
146
–47
corporations, 
9
, 
66
, 
89
, 
117
, 
140
, 
187
, 
217
–18
Covey, Stephen, 
56
craft method, 
97
–98, 
102
–3, 
116
–17, 
121
Creative Artists Agency, 
66
creative endeavors, 
28
–29, 
227
, 
231
–32
customer service representatives, 
123
, 
149
, 
228
, 
230
, 
247
–48
Dark Tuesday, 
xi
–xiv
data-mining algorithms, 
47
–48
data scientists, 
10
–12
Davidson, Mike, 
206
–7
Day-Timer, 
56
–57
decision-making, 
23
, 
47
–51, 
171
, 
175
, 
228
–30
deep thinking/work, 
xiii
, 
6
–7, 
19
–20, 
24
, 
113
, 
147
–48, 
150
, 
225
, 
243
Deep Thoughts, 
52
–53
Deep Work, 
xiv
–xv, 
28
, 
238
, 
243
“design sprint” methodology, 
236
–38
Devesh (entrepreneur)
changes workflow with Trello, 
104
–8, 
110
–12, 
124
, 
155
, 
159
project-board workflow of, 
114
–15, 
120
–21, 
131
–32, 
148
and shift to card conversations, 
114
, 
162
digital
communication tools, 
258
knowledge work, 
260
–61
networks, 
xxi
–xxii, 
248
revolution, 
14
, 
78
–79, 
179
–83, 
247

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storage, 
183
Disney, 
67