A survey on Cellular-connected uavs: Design Challenges, Enabling 5G/B5g innovations, and Experimental Advancements



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1.1. UAV Communication Requirement
From the communication viewpoint, the requirements of
UAV can be classified into two broad categories [
17
]:

Control
and
Non-Payload
Communication
(CNPC) -
It refers to the time critical control and
safety commands to maintain the flight operations.
CNPC includes the navigation, waypoint updates,
telemetry report and air traffic control (ATC) updates
to ensure secure and reliable UAV operation. CNPC
Table 1
UAV Cellular Communication Requirement [
18
]
Type CNPC Uplink CNPC Downlink
Payload
Rate

100 Kbps

100 Kbps

50 Mbps
Latency
-

50 ms
Same as Ground UE
usually demands highly secure and reliable com-
munication with low data rate (few hundred Kb/s)
requirements. The reliability requirement for CNPC
is less than
10
−3
packet error rate (PER).

Payload Communication -
It refers to all the in-
formation dissemination activities between UAV and
ground station pertaining to a UAV mission. For
instance, in a surveillance operation, UAV needs to
transmit real time video to the ground station/remote
pilot via payload communication. Payload communi-
cation demands the underlying transmission medium
to be capable of supporting high data rates (often
higher in full HD video transmission or wireless back-
hauling).
Table
1
summarizes the rate and latency requirements
for UAV cellular communication.
1.2. Integration Opportunities with Cellular
Network
The integration of UAVs to cellular network falls under
three broad paradigms [
19
,
20
], as shown in Fig.
1
:


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