2. C ho‘zilishga puxtalik chegarasi
an
va
elastiklik moduli
E
M o d d a
o n, M P a
E , G P a
A l u m i n i y
1 0 0
7 0
M is
4 0 0
1 2 0
Q a l a y
2 0
5 0
Q ‘o r g ‘o s h i n
15
15
K u m u s h
1 4 0
3 0
P o i a t
5 0 0
2 0 0
176
3 . M od d alarn in g issiq lik x o ssa la ri
Q a t t i q j i s m l a r
Modda
Solishtirm a
issiqlik sig‘imi,
k J /( k g K )
Erish
temperaturasi
°C
Solishtirm a
erish issiqligi,
kJ/kg
A lum iniy
0 , 8 8
600
380
Muz
2 ,1
0
330
Mis
0,38
1083
180
Qalay
0,23
232
59
Q ‘org‘oshin
0,13
327
25
K umush
0,23
960
87
P o‘lat
0,46
1400
82
S u y u q l i k l a r
Modda
Solishtirm a
issiqlik sigNmi,
k J/(kg-K )
Qaynash
temperaturasi
°C
Bug
1
hosil
bo‘lish solish
tirm a issiqligi1,
M J/kg
Suv
4,2
1 0 0
2,3
Simob
0 , 1 2
357
0,29
Spirt
2,4
78
0,85
G a z l a r
Modda
Solishtirma issiqlik
sig‘im i2,
k J/(k g -K )
Kondensatsiya
tem peraturasi1, °C
Azot
1 ,0
-196
Vodorod
1,4
-253
Havo
1 ,0
-
Kislorod
0,92
-183
1
N orm al bosimda.
2
Doimiy bosimda.
12 — A . P . R i m k e v i c h
177
4 . Suyuqliklarning sirt taranglik k o effitsiy en ti, m N /m
(
20
°
S uv................................
73
K e ro sin ................................. 24
Sovun e ritm a s i....................40
С da)
N e ft........................................ 30
S im o b ................................. 510
S p ir t....................................... 22
5. Yoqilg‘ining solishtirm a yonish issiqligi, M ty k g
B e n z in .................................. 46
Yog‘o c h ................................ 10
Dizel yonilg‘i ...................... 42
T oshko‘m i r .......................... 29
K e ro s in ................................. 46
P o r o x ................................... 3,8
S p ir t....................................... 29
Shartli yoqilg‘i .....................29
6. T o ‘yingan bug1 bosimi
p
va zichligi p ning
temperatura
t
ga bogMiqligi
/, ° c
p, к Pa
P, g /m
3
t, °C
p, к Pa
P, g /m
3
-5
0,40
3,2
1 0
1,23
9,4
0
0,61
4,8
11
1,33
1 0 , 0
1
0,65
5,2
1 2
1,40
10,7
2
0,71
5,6
13
1,49
11,4
3
0,76
6 , 0
14
1,60
1 2 ,1
4
0,81
6,4
15
1,71
1 2 ,8
5
0 , 8 8
6 , 8
16
1,81
13,6
6
0,93
7,3
17
1,93
14,5
7
1 ,0
7,8
18
2,07
15,4
8
1,06
8,3
19
2 , 2 0
16,3
9
1,14
8 , 8
2 0
2,33
17,3
7. M oddalarning dielektrik
singdiruvchanligi
S uv...........................................81
P a ra fin ...................................2,1
K e ro sin .................................2,1
S lu d a .........................................
6
M o y .......................................2,5
S h is h a ....................................... 7
178
8. Psixrom etrik jadval
Quruq termo-
metrning ko‘r-
Quruq va nam termometrlar
ko‘rsatishlarining farqi, °C
satishi, °C
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1 0
0
100
81
Nis
63
biy n
45
amlik
28
,
%
11
2
100
84
68
51
35
20
4
100
85
70
56
42
28
14
-
-
-
-
6
100
86
73
60
47
35
23
10
-
-
-
8
100
87
75
63
51
40
28
18
7
-
-
10
100
88
76
65
54
44
34
24
14
5
-
12
100
89
78
68
57
48
38
29
20
11
-
14
100
89
79
70
60
51
42
34
25
17
9
16
100
90
81
71
62
54
45
37
30
22
15
18
100
91
82
73
65
56
49
41
34
27
20
20
100
91
83
74
66
59
51
44
37
30
24
22
100
92
83
76
68
61
54
47
40
34
28
24
100
92
84
77
69
62
56
49
43
37
31
26
100
92
85
78
71
64
58
51
46
40
34
28
100
93
85
78
72
65
59
53
48
42
37
30
100
93
86
79
73
67
61
55
50
44
39
9.
M etallar va qotishm alam ing solishtirma qarshiligi p
(20° С da) va qarshiliklam ing temperatura koeffitsiyenti
M odda
p , x l0 " * t2 - m
yoki x lO 2
Q ■ m m 2/m
a , К -'
M odda
p , x l O ^ f l • m
yoki xlO 2
$2 ■ m m 2/ m
a , К '
A lum iniy
2,8
0 ,0 0 4 2
N ix ro m
110
0,0001
V olfram
5,5
0 ,0 0 4 8
Q o 'rg 'o s h in
21
0 ,0 0 3 7
Jez
7,1
0,001
K um ush
1,6
0 ,0 0 4
Mis
1,7
0 ,0 0 4 3
P o 'la t
12
0 ,0 0 6
N ikelin
42
0,0001
179
10. Elektrokimyoviy ekvivalentlar,
m g /C yoki (10™6 k g /C )
Alum iniy (A l3* )
....
......0,093
Nikel ( N i2+) ............ ....... 0,30
Vodorod (H +) ....... .....0,0104
Kumush (Ag+) ....... ....... 1,12
Kislorod (O
2
) ......
.......
0,083
Xrom (C r3+)
.............
....... 0,18
Mis (C u 2+)
................
........ 0,33
R ux(Z n2+) ................ ....... 0,34
Qalay (S n 2+) .......... ........ 0,62
11. Elektronlarning chiqish ishi, eV
V olfram .................. ............4,5
P la tin a ................. ...............5,3
K aliy....................... ............
2 , 2
K u m u s h ............. .............. 4,3
L itiy ........................ ............2,4
Rux ...................... ...............4,2
Bariy o k s id ........................
1 ,0
12. Sindirish k o‘rsatkichi
(k o ‘rinadigan n u rla r u c h u n o ‘rtach a)
O lm o s ................................... 2,4
Uglerod su lfid .................. 1,63
S uv..........................................1,3
Etil s p ir t.............................. 1,36
H a v o .......................... 1,00029
S h is h a ....................................1
, 6
13. B a’zi izotoplarning nisbiy atom m assasi, m .a.b
Izotop
IH Vodorod
] H Deyteriy
]H Tritiy
2
He Geliy
2
He Geliy
3
U Litiy
3
Li Litiy
4
Be Berilliy
Neytral atom-
ning massasi
1,00783
2,01410
3,01605
3,01602
4,00260
6,01513
7,01601
8,00531
Izotop
В Bor
''B Bor
'бС Uglerod
’^N Azot
'yN Azot
'gO Kislorod
'gO Kislorod
JJAI Alum iniy
Neytral atom-
ning massasi
10,01294
11,00931
12,00000
14,00307
15,00011
15,99491
16,99913
26,98146
180
14. Q uyosh, Yer va Oy to ‘g ‘risidagi ma’lumotlar
Q u y o s h r a d i u s i, m ................................................................................6 , 9 6 - 108
Q u y o s h m a s s a s i, k g .......................................................................... 1 ,9 9 - 10
30
Y e rn in g o ‘r ta c h a r a d iu s i, m
6 ,3 7 1 • 10
6
Y e r m a s s a s i , k g ................................................................................ 5 , 9 7 6 - 1024
Y e r n in g o ‘z o ‘q i a tr o f id a t o ‘la
a y l a n i s h v a q t i ............................................................. 23 s o a t 5 6 m in 4 ,0 9 s
E r k in tu s h is h te z la n is h i (P a r ij k e n g lig id a ,
d e n g iz s a t h id a ) , m / s
2
......................................................................... 9 ,8 0 6 6 5
N o r m a l a tm o s f e r a b o s im i, P a .......................................................... 1 0 1 3 2 5
H a v o n in g m o l y a r m a s s a s i, k g / m o ‘l ................................................. 0 ,0 2 9
Y e rd a n Q u y o s h g a c h a o ‘rta c h a m a s o fa , m ............................. 1 ,4 9 6 - 1 0 "
O y r a d iu s i, m ...................................................................................... 1 ,7 3 7 - 10
6
O y m a s s a s i, k g ...................................................................................... 7 , 3 5 - 10
22
O y n in g Y e r a tr o f id a a y la n is h d a v r i
27 s u tk a 7 s o a t 4 3 m in
O y s ir tid a e rk in tu s h is h te z la n is h i, m / s
2
...................................... 1 ,6 2 3
O y d a n Y e rg a c h a o ‘r t a c h a m a s o fa , m .......................................... 3 , 8 4 4 - 108
15. 0 —90° burchaklar uchun sinuslar va tangenslarning qiymatlari jadvali
G raduslar
Sinuslar
Tangenslar
Graduslar
Sinuslar
Tangenslar
Graduslar
Sinuslar
Tangenslar
0
0,0000
0,0000
31
0,5150
0,6009
61
0,8746
1,804
1
0,0175
0,0175
32
0,5299
0,6249
62
0,8829
1,881
2
0,0349
0,0349
33
0,5446
0,6494
63
0,8910
1,963
3
0,0523
0,0524
34
0,5592
0,6745
64
0,8988
2,050
4
0,0698
0,0699
35
0,5739
0,7002
65
0,9063
2,145
5
0,0872
0,0875
36
0,5878
0,7265
66
0,9135
2,246
6
0,1045
0,1051
37
0,6018
0,7536
67
0,9205
2,3 5 6 •
7
0,1219
0,1228
38
0,6157
0,7813
68
0,9272
2,475
8
0,1392
0,1405
39
0,6293
0,8098
69
0,9336
2,605
9
0,1562
0,1584
40
0,6428
0,8391
70
0,9397
2,747
10
0,1736
0,1763
41
0,6561
0,8693
71
0,9455
2,904
11
0,1908
0,1944
42
0,6691
0,9004
72
0,9511
3,078
12
0,2079
0,2126
43
0,6820
0,9325
73
0,9563
3,271
13
0,2250
0,2309
44
0,6947
0,9657
74
0,9613
3,487
14
0,2419
0,2493
45
0,7071
1,0000
75
0,9659
3,732
15
0,2588
0,2679
46
0,7193
1,036
76
0,9703
4,011
16
0,2756
0,2867
47
0,7314
1,072
77
0,9744
4,331
17
0,2924
0,3057
48
0,7431
1,111
78
0,9781
4,705
18
0,3090
0,3249
49
0,7547
1,150
79
0,9816
5,145
19
0,3256
0,3443
50
0,7660
1,192
80
0,9848
5,671
20
0,3420
0,3640
51
0,7771
1,235
81
0,9877
6,314
21
0,3584
0,3839
52
0,7880
1,280
82
0,9903
7,115
22
0,3746
0,4040
53
0,7986
1,327
83
0,9925
8,144
23
0,3907
0,4245
54
0,8090
1,376
84
0,9945
9,514
24
0,4067
0,4452
55
0,8192
1,428
85
0,9962
11,43
25
0,4226
0,4663
56
0,8290
1,483
86
0,9976
14,30
26
0,4384
0,4877
57
0,8387
1,540
87
0,9986
19,08
27
0,4540
0,5095
58
0,8480
1,600
88
0,9994
28,64
28
0,4695
0,5317
59
0,8572
1,664
89
0,9998
57,29
29
30
0,4848
0,5000
0,5543
0,5774
60
0,8660
1,732
90
1,0000
J A V O B L A R
3. a ) , b ), e ) h o lla rd a m u m k in ;
d ), e ) h o lla rd a m u m k in em as.
4 . b ) va d ) h o lla rd a .
5 . О ( 0 ; 0 ) ; В ( 0 ; 6 0 m ) ;
С
(8 0 m ; 6 0 m ); D (8 0 m ; 0 );
£ ( 2 0 m ; 4 0 m ) ; К ( - 5 m ;
2 0 m ) ; L ( - 1 0 m ; - 1 0 m ) ;
M (3 0 m , - 5 m ).
7 . V e rto ly o td a o ‘tg a n y o ‘l va
k o ‘c h i s h b i r x i l ; a v t o m o b i l
o ‘tg a n y o ‘l k o ‘c h is h d a n k o ‘p ro q .
A v to m o b il v e r t o l y o t d a n k o ‘p
y o ‘l o ‘tg a n ; a v to m o b il v a v e rto -
ly o tn in g k o ‘c h is h i b ir xil.
8
. Y o ‘l; k o ‘ch ish .
9. 4 m , 2 m .
1 0
. у m a rta , ^ m arta.
11. ^
= 4 m,
5
iy =
0
; ^
=4m ,
■$
2
, = 2 m ;
s3 y = 0 -
s, = 0 , 5 , = 3 m ; Sc = 3 m,
55 = - 4 m .
Э У
12. A (20 m ; 20 m ); В (6 0 m ;
- 1 0 m ); 40 m ; - 3 0 m ; 50 m .
13. / 1 ( 2 m ; 2 m ) ; D
( 6
m ;
2 m ); 20 m ; 4
m ; 4 m ; 0.
14. 5 m ; 4 m ; - 3 m.
15. 70 k m ; 50 km .
16.
2 , 8
km ; shim oliy yo'nalishga
30° b u rc h a k o stid a .
17. 620 m ; sh im o liy y o 'n alish g a
2 0
° b u rc h a k o stid a.
18. x , = 5 0 0 + 2 0 /; x 2= 2 0 0 -
- 15/; x
3
= - 3 0 0 - 10/; a ) 600 m;
b ) 50 m ; 150
m ; d ) 30 s;
e ) - 2 5 s ;
f) x = 5 0 0 m
k o o rd in a ta li n u q ta d a .
19. 12 m /s , o ‘n g g a; 1,5 m /s ,
c h a p g a ; 20 s, - 3 0 m .
2 0 . xol = 5 m , x 01I = 5 m , x om =
=
- 1 0
m ; ulx =
0
,
v llx
=
- 1
m /s ,
и Шх = 0 ,5 m /s ; x, = 5, x M = 5 - /,
x m = - 1 0 + 0 ,5 /; 10 s; - 5 m .
21. 10 s; - 5 m .
2 2 . x, = 20 + 2 t, x n = - 2 0 + 4/.
23. x, = 200 + 10/; x
2
= 20/; 20 s,
400 m .
2 4 .x ,= 1 0 / ; ^ = 6 0 0 - 2 0 / . a) 20 s,
2 0 0 m ; b ) 3 0 0 m ; d ) 100 m ;
e )
10 s, 30 s.
2 5 .> '= - 3 + 2 x л ^ = 2 m , y0= 1 m ,
2 ,2 4 m /s.
2 6 . x =
8 6 , 6
t, у = 400 + 50 t,
у = 400 + 0 ,5 8 x .
2 7 . a ) n u q ta ; b ) a y la n a ; d ) sik-
lo id a (1 5 8 - rasm ).
1 5 8 - ra sm .
28.
Q u y o s h m a rk a z ig a v a « q o ‘z -
g ‘a lm a s » y u ld u z la r g a b o g ‘la n g a n
s a n o q s is te m a s id a .
2 9 .
M u m k i n , a g a r o d a m e s k a -
la to r g a n is b a ta n m o d u li j ih a t d a n
e s k a la to r n in g te z lig ig a te n g te z lik
b ila n u n g a q a r a m a - q a r s h i to m o n g a
h a r a k a tl a n s a .
3 0 .
14 m /s .
3 1 .
10 m / s , 5 m / s ; 0 , - 5 m /s .
3 2 .
2 0 s.
3 3 .
4 9 0 m .
3 4 .
—
m a r ta ; 3; 1,2 .
n - l
183
3 5 .
А /
=
2v;\ =4
s ;
V2 ( V * - V ? )
v 2> > v l b o 'lg a n i u c h u n A /> 0.
3 6 . 45 s.
37. 4 5 0 m .
38. У = 4 0 0 - 1 0/.
39. a ) x, = 2r, x,, = 200 - 2 / av to -
m o b illa r b ir-b irig a to m o n h a ra -
k a tla n a d i; b ) x, =
6
/, x M =
2 0 0
+
+ 2 t — b irin c h i a v to m o b il ik k in -
c h in i q u v ib y e ta d i; d ) x, =
- 2
t,
x,, =
2 0 0
-
6
/ — ik k in c h i a v to
m o b il b irin c h isig a y e tib o lad i.
40. 13 s m /m in .
4 1 . 22 m /s ; m e r id ia n d a n 27°
s h a r q q a .
4 2 . 200 m.
4 3 . 0,5 sm /m in .
4 4 . 7 0 ,5 °; 5 ,7 m /s.
4 5 . 19 ,3 m / s ; m e r id i a n d a n
2 1 ,5 ° sh a rq q a .
4 6 . a ) 1,4 m /s; 3,4 m /s; 2,6 m /s;
b ) 1. ( - 1 ,4 m /s , 0);
2. ( - 3 ,4 m / s , 0 );
3. ( - 2 ,4 m /s ; 1 m /s ).
4 7 .
8
m /s; 10 m /s; 4 m /s;
8
m /s.
4 8 . „ , r A
, 2 m / ,
4 9 . 1 m /s ; 2,3 m /s .
50. 0,0 5 s.
5 1 .5 0 s.
5 2 . 10 m /s .
5 3 . 20 s.
5 4 . 4 m /s.
5 5 . ^ = 2 0 - 0 , 2 5 / .
5 6 . 1 m / s ; 2 ,5 m / s ; 4 m /s ;
0 ,5 m / s 2; v x = 1 + 0 ,5 /.
5 7 . uu = 1,25 Г,и|Ь = 5 + 5 r ,u ||U=
= 2 0 - 4 / .
5 8 . и = 3 0 - 1 0 / ; 10 m / s , 0 ,
- 1 0
m /s .
vx,
m /s
a)
vx, m /s
1 59- ra sm .
5 9 .
1 5 9 - ra s m g a q a ra n g .
6 0 . 2 :
1
;
2
:
1
.
6 1 .
9 0 s m .
6 2 .
s , : s 2: s 3:
j
4 = 1 : 4 : 9 : 1 6 ;
5 m /s 2; 1 m /s ; 2 m /s ; 3 m /s ; 4 m /s .
6 3 .
10 s.
6 4 .9
s.
65
. ,
6 6 . 1,41 m a r ta .
6 8 . U c h is h d a n o ld in g i y u g u ris h
v a q ti d a g i t e z l a n i s h 1 ,2 4 m a r t a
k a m , v a q t e s a 1 ,4 6 m a r t a k o ‘p.
6 9 .
5 4 m .
7 0 .
a ) 3 m a r t a ; b ) У З m a r ta .
7 1 .
x = 3 / 2; 3 0 0 m .
7 2 .
u , = 0 ,8 /; 6 ,4 m .
7 3 .
T e z la n u v c h a n ; - 5 m ; 5 m .
7 4 .
a ) 0 ,4 m / s 2; 14 m / s ; b ) 0;
1 0 m / s ; d ) 0 , 4 m / s 2 ( s e k i n l a -
n u v c h i h a r a k a t) ; 6 m /s .
184
7 5 . 2 m /s ;
8
m /s .
7 6 . 0 ,2 m / s 2; 15 m /s .
7 7 . 1. x, = 500 + 2 0 / - 7 2, o ‘ngga,
to r m o z la y d i; 2. x
2
= 200 - 1 5 / -
- 0 ,5 / 2, c h a p g a , t e z l a s h a d i ;
3. x
3
= - 3 0 0 - 1 0 / - 0 ,2
/ 2
c h a p g a ,
te z la s h a d i.
7 8 . 1. 0, 0, - 0 ,8 m / s
2
c h a p g a ,
te k is te z la n u v c h a n ; 2. 4 0 0 m ,
-
0 , 6
m / s ,
0
, c h a p g a , te k i s ;
3. - 3 0 0 m , 0 , 0 , tin c h tu ra d i.
7 9 . 1. u u = 10 + 0 ,8 /, te z la n u v
c h a n ;
2
. 0^ = 2 -
2
/, s e k in la n u v -
c h a n ,
1
s d a n k ey in te z la n u v
c h a n ; 3. u3x = - 4 + 4 / s e k in la n u v -
c h a n ,
1
s d a n k e y in te z la n u v
c h a n ; 4 . u4t = - l - 12/, te z la n u v
c h a n .
8 0 . x, = 0 ,6 2 5 /2; x,, = 5 / + 2 , 5 / 2;
x
M1
=
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