8 – Laboratoriya ishi Mavzu: Marshrutizatorlarda nat, pat texnologiyasini sozlash Nazariy ma’lumotlar

Dynamic Address Translation

Dinamik NAT - ro'yxatdan o'tmagan IP manzilni ro'yxatdan o'tgan IP-manzillar guruhiga translatsiya qilishdan iborat.
Dinamik NAT ning Statik NAT dan farqi shuki, bu yerda bir nechta xususiy (Private) adresga bir nechta ommaviy (public) adreslar to‘gri keladi. Ushbu holatni amalga oshirish uchun access list va Pool dan foydalanimiz


Dinamik NAT bo`yicha ishni bajarish tartibi

10.6 – rasm. Dinamik NAT tamoyili asosida qurilgan tarmoq tuzilishi

Birinchi navbatda Router1 va Router2 larga statik ip route beriladi. Chunki internet qismidagi adreslarni oldindan bilmaymiz.

Router1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.11.11.2
Router2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.11.11.1
195.158.1.1 dan 195.158.1.10 gacha public IP adreslarni tarqatishimiz uchun TATU nomli Pool yaratamiz.
Router(config)#ip nat pool TATU 195.158.1.1 195.158.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.240
LAN tarmoqlar ichida aynan 192.168.1.0/24 tarmoq internetga chiqishi uchun Access list foydalanamiz
Router1(config)#access-list 10 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
Access list ni TATU nomli yaratilgan NAT ga biriktiramiz.
Router1(config)#ip nat inside source list 10 pool TATU
Router ning kirish va chiqish portlariga NAT ni biriktiramiz
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip nat inside
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)#ip nat outside
Router1(config-if)#exit


10.7 Rasm



Router1# show ip nat translations

Router1#show running-config
10.7-rasm. Manzillarni translatsiyasi bo’yicha olingan natijalar

3. 
   NAPT, NAT Overload, PAT
   

PAT- dinamik NATning bir shakli bo'lib, bir nechta ro'yxatdan o'tmagan manzillarni turli xil portlardan foydalangan holda bitta ro'yxatdan o'tgan IP manzilga translatsiya qilishdan iborat.
PAT bo`yicha ishni bajarish tartibi

10.8 – rasm. PAT tamoyili asosida qurilgan tarmoq tuzilishi
Router1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.2
Router1(config)#ip nat pool nad_pat 195.158.1.1 195.158.1.4 netmask 255.255.255.240
Router1(config)#access-list 10 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
Router1(config)#ip nat inside source list 10 pool nad_pat overload
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip nat inside
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Router(config-if)#ip nat outside
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#end
Router#copy run startup-config
Router 2 konfiguratsiyasi
Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.1







10.9 Rasm


LAN tarmog`idagi barcha Private adreslar bitta 195.158.1.1 Public adres orqali translatsiya bo`ladi faqat port har xil.