5. Signs of cultural diversity in international tourism. Culture in international tourism

5.Signs of cultural diversity in international tourism. Culture in international tourism

Lecturer M. Kilichov

Reference:

A new type of tourist

• New consumers have shown a completely different behavior pattern. They have become more globally oriented. As a result of developments in communication and information technology, and increased social and economic exchanges, they have been exposed to different cultures and developed new ideas and viewpoints. They have multiple demands, often borrowed from other cultures. They have become more dependent on information technology, self-service, and personal reservation tools. The new self-sufficient consumer has become more individualistic and requires more customized and highly developed - products; greater choice, quality, and variety; and good value for money.
• Consumers have also begun to demand easier access to information technology, lower-cost transportation, and greater flexibility in travel (Akpinar, 2003)

A new type of tourism

• Changing values of the new consumer have created a demand for new products and provided a driving force for the development of new types of tourism. Traditional mass tourism, although still prevalent, is evolving into a ‘‘new tourism,’’ often called responsible, soft, alternative, green, or sustainable tourism.

Discrimination

Retaliation

Plaintiff was a security guard for defendant hotel. She reported that another employee had made inappropriate comments to her and he was fired. He was popular and other workers expressed anger towards plaintiff because of his termination. Five months later plaintiff was terminated and sued claiming retaliation. The hotel asserted the termination was due to plaintiff making disparaging comments about a co-worker’s fiancé even after she had been warned not to interfere with the worker’s personal affairs. No evidence established any animus by plaintiff’s supervisor from plaintiff’s complaint about the comments. The court thus determined that plaintiff’s protest about the terminated employee was neither the but-for cause nor a significant factor in plaintiff’s termination. Further, the significant time lapse between the complaint about comments and plaintiff’s termination weakens any inference of causation. The court thus affirmed the district court’s grant of summary judgment to the hotel.

Wages

Plaintiff, an employee of defendant, claims the hotel improperly withheld income taxes and executed a child support-related garnishment against his wages. Plaintiff claims violations of due process and other civil rights, civil conspiracy, abuse of process, breach of fiduciary duty, economic duress, and infliction of emotional distress. Concerning tax withholding, plaintiff claims he is a nonresident alien which would make him exempt from federal income taxes. Yet he was born in the US and lived in New York state all his life. His claim appears to be that of a “sovereign citizen,” one who claims to not be bound by the laws of the US. No such status exists except in the minds of those who assert it.

Plaintiff is an American citizen and as such is liable to pay income taxes. Therefore, the hotel properly withheld plaintiff’s taxes. Concerning the garnishment to his wages, it was made pursuant to a Child Support Enforcement Income Withholding Order, which employers are obligated to honor.

Plaintiff claims the order is void and the garnishment therefore is illegal. The court rejected this argument, referencing the legal basis for the administrative agency that issued the order. The court labeled the legal authorities cited by plaintiff “uniformly misdirected and irrelevant.”

Security